1 – It takes one to know one.
10 – It takes two to acknowledge one.
100 – It takes a group to heal one.
1000 – It takes all to – be one.
Elfriede Ammann

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Einkommens- und Statusgefälle im weltweiten Vergleich – Wilkinson und Pickett

Der britische Wirtschaftshistoriker Richard Wilkinson (ehemals Universität Nottingham) und seine Kollegin, die Sozialepidemiologen Kate Pickett (Universität York) fanden in jahrzehntelangen Vergleichsstudien in 21 Industrieländern (Nordamerika, Europa, Australien, Japan):

Die Wurzel einer Vielzahl von sozialen Missständen in Industrieländern liegt nicht an der Höhe des Einkommens, sondern an der Einkommenskluft innerhalb einer Gesellschaft und dem damit einhergehenden Bewertungs- und Würdigunggefälle.

Ab einer Einkommens- und somit Chancenverteilung, die grundlegende Lebensbedürfnisse abdeckt – wie etwa in dem Land Kuba (BW 300) – ist nicht für das allgemeine Wohlbefinden und die Lebensqualität der Gesamtbevölkerung mehr die Höhe des Durchschnittseinkommens ausschlaggebend, sondern der Abstand im Gefälle von Einkommen und Status.

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Gallup Umfrage/Studie von Ed Diener, Daniel Kahneman et al., USA, 2009:

Income’s Differential Influence on Judgments of Life Versus Affective Well-Being, Artikel Geld. Ab einem Jahreseinkommen von 60.000 $ wird man nicht mehr glücklicher, man wähnt sich glücklicher. Der Unterschied zwischen dem erlebenden Selbst und dem Erinnerungsselbst verfälscht das Umfrageergebnis.

Anhand von öffentlich zugänglichen und von Fremdquellen erstellten Statistiken auf internationaler Ebene schlussfolgerte das Forscherpaar Wilkinson/Pickett, dass das rankistische Machtgefälle zwischen den 20% der ärmeren und den 20% der reicheren Bevölkerungsschichten in Industriegesellschaften deutlich mit einer Vielzahl der drängendsten sozialen Probleme korreliert. Während das Einkommensgefälle zwischen Ober- und Unterschicht in Japan und den skandinavischen Staaten bei 3,5+ liegt, ist es in Vereinigten Staaten, Großbritannien, Portugal, Australien und Neuseeland mehr als doppelt so groß.

Je gravierender das Einkommens- und Statusgefälle zwischen den Gesellschaftsschichten in einem Staat ist, desto verschärfter treten auch dessen Problemfelder auf, hervorgerufen durch Rangmissbrauch. Je ungleicher die Gesellschaftsschichten eines Volkes beschaffen sind, desto mehr wird es durch Herrschaftsansprüche (Überlegenheit/Unterlegenheit – Stolz/Scham), Statuskonkurrenz, Statusunsicherheit, Angst vor sozialer Geringschätzung herausgefordert. Durch diesen Umstand verschlechtert sich die Lage des ganzen Volkes in vierzehn verschiedenen sozialen Problemfeldern:

Armut,
Stress,
Gemeinschaft und soziale Beziehungen,
Schulische Leistung und Bildungsstandard,

Körperliche und seelische Gesundheit

Fettleibigkeit,
Geisteskrankheit,
Allgemeine Lebenserwartung,
Krankheitsrate,
Teenagerschwangerschaften,
Drogenmissbrauch,
Gewalt,
Mordrate
Verbrechensrate, Gefängnis und Bestrafung,
„Gegenseitiges Vertrauen“ und Korruption,
Aufstiegsradius und Ursprungsfamilie (Soziale Mobilität)

Fazit: Die Wurzel von (weitgehend) allen sozialen Übeln liegt im Einkommensgefälle
und dem damit einhergehenden Würdigunggefälle.

Quelle: Richard Wilkinson (*1943) britischer Gesundheitswissenschaftler, emeritierter Professor für Sozialepidemiologie, Universität von Nottingham, Kate Pickett, britische Gesundheitswissenschaftlerin, Professorin für Epidemiologie, Universität von York,
Gleichheit ist Glück. Warum gerechte Gesellschaften für alle besser sind, Tolkemitt bei Zweitausendeins, 3. Auflage, Dezember 2009

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Resilienz – Verhältnis: Zwei Drittel ⇔ Ein Drittel

Der Psychoanalytiker, Kinderpsychologe und KZ-Überlebende Jude Bruno Bettelheim, der im Alter Selbstmord begangen hat, bestätigt in einer psychologischen Analyse in seinem Buch Aufstand gegen die Masse. Die Chance des Individuums in der modernen Gesellschaft (1980) folgende verhältnismäßige soziologische Faustregel angesichts der Bewältigung von einschneidenden Lebenskrisen.

Reaktionsschema bei Extremsituationen
Drittelung	Biblischer Hinweis	Verhaltensqualität	Beschreibung
1. Drittel	Ohne Brot sind sie nicht imstande dazu!	Sie können nicht.	Ein Drittel der ins KZ verschickten Juden und Sinti sind bereits während des Transports aus Angst vor der Ungewissheit ihres Schicksals und der Aussicht auf das Lagerleben gestorben.
2. Drittel	Ohne Spiele sind sie nicht bereit dazu!	Sie wollen nicht.	Das zweite Drittel starb während der KZ-Inhaftierung, weil die Bedingungen dort unerträglich für sie waren.
3. Drittel	Mit nur wenig BROT und SPIELEN halten sie durch.	Wenn der Tipping Point erreicht ist, geschieht die Wandlung.	Das letzte Drittel entkam auf wundersame Weise beziehungsweise es überlebte die Torturen der persönlichen Entmachtung bis zur Befreiung durch alliierte Truppen. Die Befreiten oder Freigewordenen verdankten dies ihrer geistig-seelischen Stärke, ihrem unerschütterlichen Vertrauen in ihr Schicksal und ihrer körperlichen Disziplin.[*]
Siehe auch 2/3:1/3-Verhältnis in der apokalyptischen Offenbarung (NT) – Ein Drittel der Menschheit besteht die "Tage der Trübsal".

Aaron Antonovsky wertete 1970 eine Erhebung über die Anpassungsfähigkeit von Frauen verschiedener ethnischer Gruppen an die Menopause aus. Eine Gruppe war 1939 zwischen 16 und 25 Jahre alt gewesen und hatte sich zu dieser Zeit in einem nationalsozialistischen Konzentrationslager befunden. Ihr psychischer und körperlicher Gesundheitszustand wurde mit der einer Kontrollgruppe verglichen. Der Anteil der in ihrer Gesundheit nicht beeinträchtigten Frauen betrug in der Kontrollgruppe 51 %, im Vergleich zu 29 % der KZ-Überlebenden. Nicht der Unterschied an sich, sondern die Tatsache, dass in der Gruppe der KZ-Überlebenden 29 % der Frauen trotz der unvorstellbaren Qualen eines Lagerlebens mit anschließendem Flüchtlingsdasein als (körperlich und psychisch) ‚gesund’ beurteilt wurden, war für ihn ein unerwartetes Ergebnis. Wikipedia Salutogenese

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Krebsheilung – Verhältnis: Zwei Drittel ⇔ Ein Drittel

Zwanghaft wachstumsorientierte Krebszellen tragen nicht wie gesunde Zellen zum Gesamtwohl des Organismus bei. Für ihr unmäßiges Wachstum verbrauchen sie das 32-fache an Energie. Sie geraten in einen energieraubenden Strudel des Eigennutzes.

Bei erfolgender Heilung einer Krebserkrankung werden etwa zwei Drittel der nicht wandlungsfähigen entarteten Zellen als umgewandelter Eiweißstoff vom Körper verbraucht beziehungsweise ausgeschieden. Bei einem Drittel der Krebszellen gelingt der Prozess der Umbildung. Sie müssen bis zu 52 Wandlungsstufen auf Zellebene durchlaufen, um schließlich wieder – wie eine gesunde Zelle – in die Lage zu kommen, die Botschaft des innewohnenden Gencodes vollständig zu entschlüsseln und in kopierter Form bei Zellteilungen getreu weiterzugeben.

Während dieses Genesungsprozesses erhöht sich der Lichtquotient der ehemals kranken Zellen beträchtlich.

Dieses Beispiel auf Zellebene lässt sich ebenfalls auf gestörte Individuen sowie pathologische gesellschaftliche Verhältnisse übertragen. Prophezeiungen sprechen davon, dass zwei Drittel der Weltbevölkerung den Prozess der globalen Transformation nicht schaffen werden, wohingegen ein Drittel ihn bewältigen wird.

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Statistik zum Thema Tod in Deutschland – Verhältnis: Zwei Drittel ⇔ Ein Drittel

Gut zwei Drittel Deutsche fliehen den Tod, während drei Fünftel der Deutschen glauben, dass es kein Weiterleben nach dem Tod gibt.

Der Pressemitteilung zur Studie Spiritualität in Deutschland der Identity Foundation in Düsseldorf, April 2007, ist zu entnehmen, wie Deutsche mit dem Tod umgehen. Im März 2006 wurden 1.000 Interviewpartner auch zu ihrem Verhältnis zum Tod befragt:

68,4 % sagen: Über den Tod soll man nicht nachdenken.
60,7 % glauben: Mit dem Tod ist alles aus.
31,1 % denken öfters über den Tod nach.
26,6 % hilft ihr Glauben, den Tod nicht zu fürchten.

Laut einer Umfrage [in USA] aus dem Jahre 2001 glauben zwei Drittel der "keine"[Konfession]-Anhänger an Gott, über ein Drittel betrachtet sich selbst als religiös und kauft eine Menge Bücher über Spiritualität. Wenn man die steigende Zahl der Menschen betrachtet, die spirituelle Erfahrungen haben, und den Rückgang derer, die sich einer der traditionellen Religionen zugehörig fühlen, dann ist es sehr wahrscheinlich, dass viele von denen, die heutzutage mystische Erfahrungen haben, auf einem eigenen unorthodoxen Weg dahin finden. Elizabeth Debold, Ed.D., US-amerikanische Genderforscherin, Kulturkommentatorin, Chefredakteurin der Zeitschrift EnlightenNext, Lehrerin, Spirituell aber nicht religiös. Jenseits der postmodernen Spiritualität, WIE-Magazin Ausgabe 19

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Verteilungsrate von Denken und Fühlen bei den Geschlechtern

Das Verhältnis von Fühlen und Denken bei Männer und Frauen
Geschlecht	Fühlen	Denken	Gesellschaftliche Anerkennung Mainstream-Orientierung	Vorurteil
Frauen – Fühlen	Zwei Drittel	Ein Drittel	JA	./.
Frauen – Denken	Ein Drittel	Zwei Drittel	NEIN	Mannweib
Männer – Denken	Ein Drittel	Zwei Drittel	JA	./.
Männer – Fühlen	Zwei Drittel	Ein Drittel	NEIN	Weichling

Zwar verteilt sich hier das Ergebnis recht gleichmäßig, Forscher fanden jedoch heraus, dass zwei Drittel der Männer Denkende und zwei Drittel der Frauen Fühlende sind. Das klingt nach Stereotypen, doch erinnern wir uns, dass Fühlen und Denken von Anhängern der Jungschen Theorie gleichermaßen geschätzt werden, ein Drittel der Männer sind Fühlende und ein Drittel der Frauen sind Denkende. Es bleibt darauf hinzuweisen, dass die Gesellschaft Denken und Fühlen anders bewertet, so dass fühlende Männer und denkende Frauen oftmals Schwierigkeiten im Umgang mit den stereotypierten Erwartungen der Menschen haben können. C. George Boeree, Ph.D. (*1952) niederländisch-US-amerikanischer Professor für Psychologie i.R., Shippensburg University, CARL JUNG 1875-1961, Persönlichkeitstheorien, Copyright 1997, 2006

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Zitate zum Thema Soziologie / Sociology

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Zitate allgemein

Konflikt zwischen den unterschiedlichen Ebenen der Energiefelder beeinflusst die daraus resultierenden Klassenkämpfen und die Zusammenstöße in der Gesellschaft mit all ihren politischen Standpunkten. […] Auf den höheren Ebenen werden Konflikte durch Verständnis, Mitgefühl und Erkenntnis gelöst, während sie auf den niedrigeren Ebenen zu Streit, Verfolgung und Krieg führen. Dr. David R. Hawkins, Das All-Sehende Auge, Kapitel 5, S. 129

Die Wahrheit ist immer in der Minderheit. Und die Minderheit ist immer stärker als die Mehrheit, weil sich im Allgemeinen jene in der Minderheit befinden, die wirklich eine Haltung einnehmen, wohingegen die Stärke einer Mehrheit Täuschung ist. Sie bildet sich aus Gruppierungen, die keine Meinung vertreten – und deshalb, sobald es offenbar wird, dass die Minderheit stärker ist, augenblicklich deren Auffassung übernehmen [...]. Währenddessen gesellt sich die Wahrheit wiederum zu einer neuen Minderheit. Søren Kierkegaard (1813-1855) dänischer Philosoph, Theologe, Schriftsteller, 1849

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Wanderanekdote des Sozialgefälles

Dieser Ausspruch wurde bereits der ersten Frau von Ludwig XIV. vorgeworfen, später der französischen Königin Marie Antoinette. Er stammt nachweislich nicht von ihr.

Wenn sie kein Brot haben, dann sollen sie Brioche [Kuchen] essen. Um 1766
Endlich erinnerte ich mich des Notbehelfs einer großen Prinzessin, der man sagte, die Bauern hätten kein Brot, und die antwortete: Dann sollen sie Brioche essen! Jean-Jacques Rousseau [BW 465] (1712-1778) Schweizer-französischer Aufklärer, Wegbereiter der Französischen Revolution, Kulturphilosoph, Schriftsteller, Pädagoge, Naturforscher, 6. Buch der Autobiografie,Die Bekenntnisse, vollendet 1770, veröffentlicht 1782

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Hinweis:

Bangladesch gehört mit einem Bruttoinlandsprodukt pro Kopf im Jahr 2007 von ungefähr 490 US Dollar zu den ärmeren Ländern der Welt.

Frage: Wer hat größere Chancen das 65. Lebensjahr zu erreichen? Männliche Schwarze aus Harlem oder männliche Einwohner von Bangladesch?
Antwort: Die Einwohner Bangladeschs werden eher 65 als die schwarzen Männer in Harlem. Und das, obwohl dieses Land doch um einiges ärmer ist als die USA, die 2007 immerhin über ein rund 91faches Bruttoinlandsprodukt (BIP) pro Kopf von 44.594 US Dollar verfügten. Andreas Zeuch, “Gleichheit ist Glück” – eine gesellschaftsverändernde Analyse, 19. Juli 2010, Referenz zu: Richard Wilkinson (*1943) britischer Sozialepidemiologe, emeritierter Professor, Gesundheitswissenschaftler, Universität von Nottingham, Kate Pickett, Gleichheit ist Glück. Warum gerechte Gesellschaften für alle besser sind, Tolkemitt bei Zweitausendeins, 3. Auflage, Dezember 2009

Bei den männlichen Beamten der unteren Ebene (Boten, Portiers etc.) betrug die Sterbeziffer das Dreifache der Sterbeziffer für leitende Beamte. Richard Wilkinson (*1943) britischer Sozialepidemiologe, emeritierter Professor, Gesundheitswissenschaftler, Universität von Nottingham, Kate Pickett, Gleichheit ist Glück. Warum gerechte Gesellschaften für alle besser sind, S. 94, Tolkemitt bei Zweitausendeins, 3. Auflage, Dezember 2009

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Ethik des [Steuern] Ein-Nehmens und Gebens

These: Steuern zu entrichten, ist eine versäumte Chance thymotischer Genugtuung.

Wir leben in einer psychopolitisch falsch konstruierten Wirklichkeit. [Minute 0:28:38]

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Fokus auf Geld oder Herz:

Peter Kruse: Wir haben seit dem Mittelalter keine Fiskalphilosophie. [Minute 0:27:44]
Mittelalterlicher fiskalischer Lehrsatz: Wo der Fikus [Reichsschatulle] ist, dort liegt das Reich [Befehlsvollmacht]. [Ubi fiscus ibi imperium. ]
Jesus Christus: Wo dein Schatz ist, da wird auch dein Herz sein. Matthäus 6, 21 (NT)

Wir können keine partizipative Demokratie leisten, weil wir den Bürger in seinem thymotischen Zentrum^* nicht ernst nehmen. [Minute 0:43:08]
Der Staat ist heute eine Maschine zur Zerstörung von Bürgerstolz. Der Bürger wird vom Staat wie ein [obendrein verdächtigter] Schuldner behandelt. [Minute 0:43:08]
Das Steuernzahlen ist eine chronisch gewordene automatisierte Geberleistung von Individuuen in Bezug auf das Gemeinwesen. [Minute 0:43:08]
Solange der Steuerzahler nur ein Steuerdulder ist, ist er kein Bürger. [Minute 0:29:44]
Alle Steuerzahler direkter Steuern sollen über die Grundlagen ihres Verkehrs mit dem Gemeinwesen neu nachdenken. [Minute 0:27:44]
Wir müssen die Steuer als Gabe denken. Es geht um den Unterschied innerhalb des Ganzen. [Minute 0:28:38]

* Thymos [griech.] bedeutet Lebenskraft, Gemütsanlage, das emotionale sterbliche Bedürfnis nach Anerkennung.

Video TV Interview mit Peter Sloterdijk (*1947) deutscher Professor für Philosophie, Universität Karlsruhe, Fernsehmoderator, Kulturwissenschaftler, Essayist, Vision der gebenden Hand – Die neue soziale Frage, präsentiert vom Schweizer TV-Kanal SF, Sendung "Sternstunde Philosophie", Gastgeberin Katja Gentinetta, Sendetermin 20. März 2011, YouTube Film, 1:00:59 Dauer, eingestellt 10. April 2011

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Zitate (engl.) allgemein

Enter by the narrow gate. For the gate is wide and the way is easy that leads to destruction, and those who enter by it are many. For the gate is narrow and the way is hard that leads to life , and those who find it are few. Matthew 7, 13-14 (NT)

Societal choices, more often than not, are the result of expediency, statistical fallacy, sentiment, political or media pressure, or personal prejudice and vested interest. Crucial decisions affecting the lives of everyone on the planet are made under conditions that virtually guarantee failure. Because societies lack the necessary reality base for formulation of effective problem resolutions, they fall back, over and over, on a resort of force (in its various expressions – such as war, law, taxation, rules, and regulations), which is extremely costly, instead of employing power, which is very economical. Dr. David R. Hawkins, Power vs. Force, S. 27-28, Hay House edition, February 2002

Fury over social injustice, victimization, and inequality has created great movements that led to major changes in the structure of society. Dr. David R. Hawkins, Power vs. Force, chapter 4 Levels of Consciousness, S. 82, Hay House edition, February 2002

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Keeping one’s own counsel

Spiritual views are not very popular in society in general. It is not necessary to impose one’s views on others. Proselytizing is best done by example rather than by coercion and lapel grabbing. We influence others by what we are rather than by what we say or have. To express views that are contrary to public opinion may be sociologically praiseworthy, but to do so leads to conflict and enmeshment in the arguments and discord in the world. The pursuit of ‘causes’ is the role of the social and political reformer, which is an activity different from that of the seeker of enlightenment. […] Embroilment in the issues of society is a luxury which the seeker of spiritual enlightenment needs to forego. […] We change the world not by what we say or do but as a consequence of what we have become. Thus, every spiritual aspirant serves the world. Dr. David R. Hawkins, The Eye of the I. From Which Nothing Is Hidden, S. 68-69

'An idea whose time has come'.
The idea stands for the content, the 'time has come' for the context.
Context as such is comprised of millions of components.
When a critical degree of balance, intensity, and density on a socio-political, economic, geographic level is reached, the idea may be activated into a reality. The activation is not due to 'causation' but resulting from the volition of the populace and the shifting of human proclivities. [Paraphrased.]
Dr. David R. Hawkins, I. Reality and Subjectivity, pp. 431-432

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Turningpoint 1987-2012-2026:

Leap from self-interest to altruism at the threshold of integrity

Life in its beginning is selfish. The core of that life energy is survival. In order to survive it has to get. The core of the ego is to get because it doesn’t have a source of energy within itself. The quality of the ego is primarily self-interest, up to consciousness level 200. At 200 there is a major change from selfishness to altruism. Interview with Dr. David R. Hawkins, Power vs. Force, US magazine Light in Times, Kathryn M. Brinkley, November 2004

Question: What about the choices between self-evolution and social responsibility?
Answer: How are they different? Each one is an expression of the other. Dr. David R. Hawkins, Prescott Seminar What is the World?, 28. February 2009

The woman who follows the crowd will usually go no further than the crowd. The woman who walks alone is likely to find herself in places no one has ever been before. Albert Einstein [LoC 499] (1879-1955) German-born US American theoretical physicist, developer of the theory of general relativity, Nobel laureate in physics

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Shifting from things to persons

Speech delivered to the clergy and laymen concerned about the Vietnam war

We must rapidly begin the shift from a "thing-oriented" society to a "person-oriented" society. When machines and computers, profit motives and property rights are considered more important than people, the giant triplet of racism, materialism, and militarism are incapable of being conquered. Excerpted from a speech by Rev. Martin Luther King, Jr. (1929-1968) US American clergyman, activist, leader of the African American civil rights movement, Beyond Vietnam, Riverside Church, New York City, 4. April 1967

No one – not rock stars, not professional athletes, not software billionaires and not even geniuses – ever makes it alone. Malcolm Gladwell (*1963) Canadian historian, social scientist, civil engineering professor emeritus, University of Waterloo in Ontario, Canada, journalist, bestseller author, business consultant, Outliers The Story of Success, Little, Brown and Company, 1st edition, 18. November 2008

What’s really interesting about this 10,000-hour rule is that it applies virtually everywhere. You can’t become a chess grand master unless you spend 10,000 hours on practice. The tennis prodigy who starts playing at six is playing in Wimbledon at 16 or 17 [like] Boris Becker. The classical musician who starts playing the violin at four is debuting at Carnegie Hall at 15 or so. Malcolm Gladwell (*1963) Canadian historian, social scientist, civil engineering professor emeritus, University of Waterloo in Ontario, Canada, journalist, bestseller author, business consultant, conference, date unknown

In the United States the more opulent citizens take great care not to stand aloof from the people. On the contrary, they constantly keep on easy terms with the lower classes: They listen to them, they speak to them every day. They know that the rich in democracies always stand in need of the poor. Alexis de Tocqueville (1805-1859) French historian, political thinker, autho, Democracy in America, pg. 212, Volume II, 1840

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The impact of the Internet on society

We have on the one hand a lot of subcultures and you have a quite trivial surface culture.
What will happen on the Internet is something like a basic culture and a lot of highly complex subcultures. Video interview with Peter Kruse Ph.D. (*1955) German psychologist, expert on complexity processing in intelligent networks, CEO of Nextpractice, The Network is Challenging Us, presented by Mefeedia, minute 10:42, 26:50 minutes duration, 31. March 2010

Health is not an individual dynamic, but very much a product of the social and economic environment. Medicine thinks illness is an individual problem with individual solutions. It's organized insanity for the medical profession to ignore those links. The biggest predictor of health or lack thereof is actually social status. The socioeconomic system doesn't support a healthy childhood and we try to medicate kids' brains. It's not just money; it's the degree of control over our lives. Gabor Maté, M.D. drgabormate.com (*1944) Hungarian-Canadian addiction expert, talk at St. Andrew's-Wesley United Church, Vancouver, 27. November 2011; cited in: Gabor Maté: 'Organized insanity' for doctors to ignore health, poverty link. Can social inequity cause sickness? Vancouver's Dr. Gabor Maté thinks so., vancouverobserver.com, 29. November 2011

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Zitate (engl.) von Richard Wilkinson, Kate Pickett und Thom Hartmann

We are the first generation who got to the end of what material economic growth can do for us. That's an incredible important thing. And we got to the end it at a time when we know that the environmental constraints mean that we should stop doing that. What we have to do now is to refocus from raising material standards to thinking about the social quality of life. The quality of social relations in our society is built on material foundations, on the extent of income differences between us. The intution that people have had that [income] inequality is divisive and socially corrosive is absolutely right. Video presentation by Richard Wilkinson, Ph.D., British retired social epidemiologist, University of Nottingham, Address at the Compass 'No Turning Back conference, part 1 of 2, Institute of Education, London, Saturday, 13. June 2009, YouTube film, starting minute 4:29, minute 7:27, 9:45 minutes duration, posted 18. June 2009

Inequality creates a general social dysfunction [in respect to health, trust, education, social mobility]. People must know this. […]
Greater income differences increase the pressure to consume. In more unequal countries there is more status competition. It is more important to earn more. Video presentation by Richard Wilkinson, Ph.D., British retired social epidemiologist, University of Nottingham, Address at the Compass 'No Turning Back conference, part 2 of 2, Institute of Education, London, Saturday, 13. June 2009, YouTube film, minute 1:41 and minute 2:56, 5:32 minutes duration, posted 18. June 2009

Capitalism isn't working. […] Status competition leads to destruction of the planet. Video presentation by Richard Wilkinson, Ph.D. (*1943) British retired social epidemiologist, University of Nottingham, LEAP conference, Birkbeck College, London, 25. April 2009, YouTube film, posted 7. August 2009

Obviously we [humans] lived in everthing from the most awful tyrannical dictatorships to the most egalitarian societies. […] Actually for most of (90%) human prehistory we lived in very egalitarian societies with food sharing reciprocities gift sharing and so on. Video presentation by Richard Wilkinson, Ph.D. (*1943) British retired social epidemiologist, University of Nottingham, economic historian, Part 3 of 5, LEAP conference, Birkbeck College, London, 25. April 2009, YouTube film, minute 8:16, 9:50 minutes duration, posted 7. August 2009

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The end of economic growth is reached in wealthy countries.

The rich developed countries have reached a turning point in human history. Politics should now be about the quality of social relations and how we can develop harmonious and sustainable societies. Richard Wilkinson, Ph.D. equalitytrust.org.uk (*1943) British retired social epidemiologist, University of Nottingham, cited in: Epidemiologists find link between social ills and inequality. Review of The Spirit Level: New book uncovers connections between economic disparities and social ills published in Street Speech August 2010, posted 1 February 2011

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Restoring the sense of pride:

Especially males act violently when faced with disrespect, shame, or threats to their social status.

James Gilligan, US American prison psychiatrist, author, Violence. Our Deadly Epidemic and its Causes, pg. 110, Diane Pub Co, February 1996: I have yet to see a serious act of violence that was not provoked by the experience of feeling shamed and humiliated, disrespected and ridiculed, and that did not represent the attempt to prevent or undo this "loss of face" – no matter how severe the punishment, even if it includes death. Richard Wilkinson, Ph.D. equalitytrust.org.uk (*1943) British retired social epidemiologist, University of Nottingham, cited in: Epidemiologists find link between social ills and inequality. Review of The Spirit Level: New book uncovers connections between economic disparities and social ills published in Street Speech August 2010, posted 1 February 2011

The evidence suggests that in the rich countries [of the world] we've got to the end of the real benefits of economic growth. It no longer drives health or wellbeing or happiness. And the evidence increasingly shows that to improve the real quality of life for us all now we need to reduce the income differences, the class differences, the differences in status, lower the social hierachy in our society. And I think we need to do that not only by raising top tax rates and more generous benefits but more particularly by building greater democracy into our economic institutions and work places.
I think that the benefit culture was only possible because the people at the top felt they could do just what they liked and didn't have to account to anyone.
We need to have a vision of the future, not only a more equal society but also of a small sustainable society and work places that are more democratic and so more social in terms of employee owned companies, cooperatives, mutuals, friendly societies, all those more democratic forms which have much smaller pay differences within them. And the evidence increasingly shows they work better than other companies. Video interview with Richard Wilkinson, Ph.D. equalitytrust.org.uk (*1943) British retired social epidemiologist, University of Nottingham, Cuts and inequality, presented at Unite officers seminar, interviewed by dontbreakbritain.org, YouTube film, minute 0:58, 2:24 minutes duration, posted 26. January 2011

Harvard School of Public Health, outcome of multi-level models: Inequality is a general social pollutant (disfunction) because of its effects go so far up the income scale. Video presentation by Richard Wilkinson, Ph.D. (*1943) British professor Emeritus of social epidemiology, University of Nottingham, researcher of inequality data in health and social determinants, The Spirit Level, part 2 of 3, sponsored by Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, YouTube film, minute 10:42, 13:46 minutes duration, posted 11. March 2011

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Timing for the inequality issues is right.

Excess growth and sustainablity of economy are social issues.

This [inequality gap research] is not about communism. We are not talking about perfect equality. […] It does look as if there are important advantages to getting at least as equal as countries like Sweden, Norway, Finland, and Japan. […] The idea that there is this sort of opposition between equality and freedom ... Equality used to be an American value. They lost it during the Cold War, because they believed that the Communist countries showed that the price of greater equality was a loss of freedom and freedom of speech and so on. The bonus culture that is a problem now and why our societies have become more unequal in the last few decades is primarily because the richer run away from the rest of us. And that is substantially a reflection of a lack of democracy. Those people at the top feel they don't have to explain themselves, or account for themselves, or to answer to anyone. How we need to deal with it is by extending more democracy, by supporting all forms of economic democracy, whether by mutuals, coops, friendly societies, employee owned companies and so on. The evidence shows that they work better in terms of crude figures of productivity.
At work it's not only where wealth is created, but it's also where the inequalities are first created. It is also where we are most subject to hierarchy and authority with lion managers and so on. But there is a potential for transforming the experience of work in this. Video interview with Richard Wilkinson, Ph.D. (*1943) British professor Emeritus of social epidemiology, University of Nottingham, researcher of inequality data in health and social determinants, 'Waarom gelijkheid beter is voor iedereen, part 2, YouTube film, minute 3:08, 5:32 minutes duration, posted 20. April 2011

The more inequality [in income and status] there is in a society the more superiority and inferiority, status competition and consumerism, status insecurity, social evaluation anxieties (fear of negative judgements) will result from. Video keynote speech by Richard Wilkinson, Ph.D., British retired social epidemiologist, University of Nottingham, The Spirit Level: Why Equality is Better for Everyone, presented at conference Marxism 2011. Ideas To Change the World, 30. June-4. July 2011, London, YouTube film, minute 33:44, 44:45 minutes duration, posted 10. August 2011

The average wellbeing of our societies is not dependent any longer on national income and economic growth. That's very important in poorer countries but not in the rich developed world. But the differences between us and where we in relationship to each other now matter very much. Richard Wilkinson, Ph.D. (*1943) British professor Emeritus of social epidemiology, University of Nottingham, researcher of inequality data in health and social determinants, How economic inequality harms societies, presented by TED Talks, YouTube film, minute 5:11, 16:55 minutes duration, posted 24. October 2011

The more unequal societies are more likely to retain the death penalty. Richard Wilkinson, Ph.D. (*1943) British professor Emeritus of social epidemiology, University of Nottingham, researcher of inequality data in health and social determinants, How economic inequality harms societies, presented by TED Talks, YouTube film, minute 7:59, 16:55 minutes duration, posted 24. October 2011

If the Americans want to live the American Dream they should go to Denmark. Richard Wilkinson, Ph.D. (*1943) British professor emeritus of social epidemiology, University of Nottingham, researcher of inequality data in health and social determinants, How economic inequality harms societies, presented by TED Talks, YouTube film, minute 8:54, 16:55 minutes duration, posted 24. October 2011

Right wing critics claim that Wilkinson's data are manufactured evidence as if there is nothing wrong with social inequality. Background information on the low infant mortality rates in Singapore. [Paraphrased.] Vimeo video presentation by Richard Wilkinson, Ph.D. (*1943) British professor emeritus of social epidemiology, University of Nottingham, economy historian, researcher of inequality data in health and social determinants, erindi á landsfundi, event sponsored by Iceland, October 2011, minute 18:06, 55:41 minutes duration, posted end of October 2011

The most powerful source of stress for humans is the possibility of being judged negatively by others. Video interview with Kate Pickett, Ph.D., British epidemiologist, University of York, on Does Anxiety Shape Society?, presented by Big Think, 3:57 minutes duration, posted 24. March 2010

Three Things Economics Can’t Solve (minute 3:19)
Can an Unequal Society Become Sustainable? (minute 5:47)
Anxiety Shape Society? (minute 3:56)
Inequality Is Bad for Your Health (minute 3:39)
Video presentation/interview with Kate Pickett, Ph.D., British epidemiologist, University of York, The need greater equality, presented by Think Big, 18:57 minutes duration, aired 28. January 2010

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References to the book Spirit level, compilation of 50 years of collected census data:

Biritish social epidemiologist Richard Wilkinson, Ph.D., Kate Pickett, Ph.D., The Spirit Level. Why More Equal Societies Almost Always Do Better, Bloomsbury Press, 22. December 2009

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The deadliest form of violence is poverty. Mahatma Gandhi

Poverty is not the symptom. Poverty is the symptom of the problem. The problem is [social] inequality. Video presentation by Thom Hartmann thomhartmann.com (*1951) US American progressive political commentator, author, radio host, former psychotherapist and entrepreneur, The more equality a society has, the better it does, ref. to income inequality researcher Richard Wilkinson, Ph.D. (*1943) British professor emeritus of social epidemiology, University of Nottingham, YouTube film, minute 1:37, 9:01 minutes duration, posted 28. July 2009

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Population stability is one of the benefits of dignitarian (egalitarian) societies.

Not money (bribes), nor contraceptiva, nor the one-child policy, nor force, but equality between men and women, i.e. shared human dignity allows for sustainability and stable population rates.

The one thing that defines whether a culture is going through population explosion or not is the power relationship between men and women. When women have relatively equal power with men in a single generation population will stabilize. And when women are the property of men we will invariably have a population explosion. […] What do we do: Change the way we think! Video interview with Thom Hartmann (*1951) US American journalist, progressive political commentator, radio host, psychotherapist, entrepreneur, business consultant, author of Threshold. The Crisis of Western Culture, The Crisis of Western Culture, YouTube film, minute 18:00, 29:05 minutes duration, posted 30. July 2009

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Englische Texte – English section on Sociology

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Income and status gap in 21 (23) of the rich developed countries worldwide – Wilkinson und Pickett

The British social epidemiologists Richard Wilkinson (University of Nottingham) and Kate Pickett (University of York) found as a result of longterm comparative studies:

The root of many a social evils is found in the amount of income but on the income gap and the sondern am Einkommens- und the associated estimation gap.

clusters of social failings are responses to felt status differentiation and social gradients. Indignifying inequality is divisive and socially corrosive.

Taking the same group of countries, the same measures of inequality, whether amongst the American states or internationally, we found one problem after another was more common in more unequal societies — and that was true comparing rich countries or the 50 states of the USA.
Equality Trust We got some money from a Quaker charity, the Joseph Rowntree Charitable Trust — it supports work on all sorts of social issues.

It’s probably sold about four times the numbers of copies in Britain (despite the much smaller population) as in the United States, and it’s been on the best-seller list several times. There are over 20 foreign editions either out or in preparation. It’s been — well, we feel rather like the dog being wagged by its tail. It’s really taken over our lives in a quite unexpected way. Kate and I have done over 500 talks on it in just over two years.

Those differences are so large because it’s not just the poor who are being affected by inequality: it’s the vast majority of the population. It affects the social fabric from top to bottom.

It’s very clear that the 1929 crash and the 2007-8 crashes were both peaks of inequality and – closely related to that – peaks of indebtedness.

But we found that in more unequal countries, children tend to have higher aspirations — but they’re completely unrealistic aspirations. They all want to be sports stars or celebrities or directors of large companies: the only thing that matters is being rich. In more equal societies, it may still be acceptable to be a skilled craftsman without being regarded as a loser. The culture shifts with inequality.

Stewart Lansley, The Cost of Inequality. Three Decades of the Super-Rich and the Economy, Gibson Square Books Ltd, 27. October 2011

Kwame Anthony Appia, US American scholar, president of the PEN American Center, The Honor Code. How Moral Revolutions Happen, W. W. Norton & Company, 13. September 2010

it isn’t about money, it’s about the monkey brain, the pecking order …
I sometimes say, “This is about monkeys, not Marx.”

Ab einer Einkommens- und somit Chancenverteilung, die grundlegende Lebensbedürfnisse abdeckt (wie etwa in dem Land Kuba), ist nicht für das allgemeine Wohlbefinden und die Lebensqualität der Gesamtbevölkerung mehr die Höhe des Durchschnittseinkommens ausschlaggebend, sondern der Abstand im Gefälle von Einkommen und Status.

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US American Gallup survey / study by Ed Diener, Daniel Kahneman, et al., 2009:

Income’s Differential Influence on Judgments of Life Versus Affective Well-Being
Below an annual income of 60.000 $ people are progressively unhappy –
above 60.000 $ income per year feelings of happiness do not rise.
Depending on which self (experiencing self or remembering self) is predominant influences the poll results.
Personal income in the United States (average 45.000 $)

–––––––––––––––––––

	Two different selfs – two notions of money and happiness
*	Secondary remembering self (Past) Programmed processing system 2 Having * Doing	Fundamental experiencing self (Present) Intuitive choosing system 1 Being
1.	The more money you have the more satisfied you are. That does not hold for emotions. *	Money does not buy you experiential happiness, but lack of money buys you misery. We can measure that very clearly. *
2.	Following the concept (Making) money makes you happy about 90 percent of people in the households in the United States, making at least 250,000 $ a year called themselves “very happy”. **	Withheld conclusion: 10% very rich NOT HAPPY people find "making money" (gaining outer resources and status) does not result in sustainable happiness. ** See multimillionaire Tom Shadyac's insight. Item 5a.
3.	Comparing one's income favorably to others, spending impulsively money, and overcoming self-doubt with money did not enhance one's subjective well-being. *******	Wanting to make money to feel secure, to feel proud of oneself, and to help others, were predictive of happiness or subjective well-being. *******
4a.	Wealthier people consistently reported a lower ability to savor, “enhance and prolong positive emotional experience.” This impediment undermined any positive effect that money had on their happiness. ********	Money impairs people's ability to savor everyday positive emotions and experiences. ********
4b.	Solution: Deepening positive thinking [LoC 499] and friendships. ********
5a.	I think I was imprisoned by part of my life that was not a part of what I would say is truth. [...] I stood on top of the heap and said 'I am more valuable than you. Hey, I am the director, man. You are just a camera man. I don't support that anymore. *****	I've gone through some pretty substantial changes which I think have opened me up. I'm more sensitive. I hope that I have walked further down the empathic road. *****
5b.	Conclusion: I think we are all part of it. And there can be a little difference but not the kind of difference that I supported. *****

* Video presentation by Daniel Kahneman, Israeli-American psychologist, Nobel laureate in economics, The riddle of experience vs. memory on the "experiencing self" (present) vs. the "remembering self" (past, score keeper, story teller), presented by TED2010 Talks, minute 18:08+, 20:07 minutes duration, filmed February 2010, posted March 2010
** Betsey Stevenson and Justin Wolfer, study Economic Growth and Subjective Well-Being. Re-Assessing the Easterlin Paradox, Brookings Panel on Economic Activity, USA, April 2008
*** Rostyslaw W. Robak, Sheila H. Chiffriller, Melinda C. Zappone, College students' motivations for money and subjective well-being, Psychological Reports, Vol. 100, Issue 1, pg. 147-156, 2007
157 undergraduate business and psychology students were asked on their motives for making money and several dimensions of subjective well-being.
**** Quoidbach J., Dunn E.W., Petrides K.V., Mikolajczak M., Money Giveth, Money Taketh Away. The Dual Effect of Wealth on Happiness, sponsored by University of Liège, published in Psychology Science, 21. Jun 2010, 759-63
***** Video interview with Tom Shadyac, US American Hollywood film director, multimillionaire, truth seeker, who chose service and simplicity after a near-to-death experience in 2007, producer of the documentary I am, I AM, Director Tom Shadyac, presented by DP/30, host David Poland, MCN Videos, YouTube film, minute 4:38, 33:36 minutes duration, posted 11. March 2011

See also: Happy Peasants and Miserable Millionaires: Happiness Research, Economics, and Public Policy by Carol Graham, Senior Fellow, Foreign Policy, Global Economy and Development, Brookings, 30. January 2010

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Social Inequality is the biggest challenge in the coming decade. (2008-2018)

Video interview/presentation by Stephen Walt, US American professor of International Affairs, Harvard University, The Global Income Gap, presented by BigThink, recorded 8. October 2007, 2:15 minutes duration, posted 1. January 2008
Video presentation by Hans Rosling, Swedish professor of global health, medical doctor, data visionary, New insights on poverty and life around the world, presented by TED Talks, 18:57 minutes duration, filmed March 2007, posted June 2007

DOPPEL
Je gravierender das Einkommens- und Statusgefälle zwischen den Gesellschaftsschichten in einem Staat ist, desto verschärfter treten auch dessen Problemfelder auf, hervorgerufen durch Rangmissbrauch. Je ungleicher die Gesellschaftsschichten eines Volkes beschaffen sind, desto mehr wird es durch Herrschaftsansprüche (Überlegenheit/Unterlegenheit – Stolz/Scham), Statuskonkurrenz, Statusunsicherheit, Angst vor sozialer Geringschätzung herausgefordert. Durch diesen Umstand verschlechtert sich die Lage des ganzen Volkes in vierzehn verschiedenen sozialen Problemfeldern:

The bigger the income and status gap between the social classes in a state is the verschärfter treten auch dessen Probleme durch rang abuse auf. The more inequal the social strata in a people are the more it will be challenged by claim to power (superiority/inferiority – pride/shame), status , status insecurity, fear of social depreciation herausgefordert. Durch diesen Umstand verschlechtert sich die Lage des ganzen Volkes in vierzehn sozialen Bereichen wie beispielsweise:

bullying at school minute 4:40

prison 7:34

The average wellbeing of our societies is not dependent any longer on national income and economic growth. That's very important in poorer countries but not in the rich developed world. But the differences between us and where we in relationship to each other now matter very much. minute 5:11

rich developed market democracies.

Valued or devalued?
More superiority and inferiority
more status competition and consumerism
more status insecurity
more social evaluation anxiety (threats to self-esteem and social status, fear of negative judgements)

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Peer reviewed studies on social inequality:

50 academic papers discussed the relationship between income inequality and violence and imprisonment since 1993.
150 peer reviewed academic papers discussed the beneficial psychosocial relationships of friendsips.
200 peer reviewed academic papers discussed the relationship between income inequality and health problems.

How much richer are the top 20% in rich industrialized countries than the poorest 20%?

Least income gap

LoC

Smaller income gap

LoC

Middle range income gap

LoC

Bigger income gap

LoC

Huge income gap

LoC

3.4%

Japan

355

4.6%

Belgium

350?

5.6%

Spain

300

6.2%

Greece

300

7.0%

Australia

410

3.7%

Finland

400

4.8%

Austria

380?

5.6%

France

310

6.7%

Italy

380

7.2%

410+/-

3.9%

Norway

400

5.2%

Germany

400

5.6%

Canada

415

6.8%

Israel

190

8.0%

Portugal

300

4.0%

Sweden

385

5.3%

Netherlands

405

5.7%

Switzerland

400

6.8%

New Zealand

300?

8.5%

USA

420

4.3%

Denmark

~350

6.1%

Ireland

255

9.7%

Singapore

440

British socioepidemiologists Wilkinson and Pickett found in 30 years of research a unilateral pattern of (mainly) all social maladies in wealthy countries: the size of the income gap interrelated with psychosocial concordant dignity gradients.

Richard Wilkinson, Ph.D. (*1943) British professor Emeritus of social epidemiology, University of Nottingham, researcher of inequality data in health and social determinants, How economic inequality harms societies, presented by TED Talks, YouTube film, minute 2:58, 16:55 minutes duration, filmed July 2011, posted 24. October 2011

Economic inequality and psychosocial status anxiety in rich countries resulting in social failings
No.	Health	Human Capital	Social Relations
1.	Obesity	Child wellbeing	Poverty
2.	Infant mortality	Teenage pregnancies and births [1-10, tenfold difference]	Child conflict
3.	Stress	Math and literacy scores Educational standards	Violence and homicides [15-150]
4.	Life expectancy	High school drop outs	Crime rate, punishment, imprisonment [40-400 out of 100,000 inhabitants; tenfold difference]
5.	Mental illness [1-3; threefold difference]	Social mobility [Father's income influence on son's career.]	Corruption and „Mutual trust“ [15-65]
6.	Drug and alcohol addiction	Social capital, Community relations
7.	Disease rate

Richard Wilkinson, Ph.D. (*1943) British professor Emeritus of social epidemiology, University of Nottingham, researcher of inequality data in health and social determinants, How economic inequality harms societies, presented by TED Talks, YouTube film, 16:55 minutes duration, filmed July 2011, posted 24. October 2011

Sources:
- Richard Wilkinson, Ph.D. (*1943) British professor Emeritus of social epidemiology, University of Nottingham, researcher of inequality data in health and social determinants, Kate Pickett, Ph.D., British epidemiologist, University of York, The Spirit Level. Why More Equal Societies Almost Always Do Better, Bloomsbury Press, 22. December 2009
Wikipedia entry: The Spirit Level: ... Why Equality is Better for Everyone, updated version, 2010
- Video presentation by Richard Wilkinson, Ph.D. (*1943) British professor Emeritus of social epidemiology, University of Nottingham, researcher of inequality data in health and social determinants, sponsored by Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, YouTube film, posted 11. March 2011
** The Spirit Level, part 1 of 3, 12:30 minutes duration
** The Spirit Level, part 2 of 3, 13:46 minutes duration
** The Spirit Level, part 3 of 3, 11:07 minutes duration

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Resilience ratio: two thirds : one third

Viktor Frankl, the Austrian psychotherapist and Nazi death camp survivor, found meaning in his intense suffering. The spiritual / soul life strengthened the camp prisoners, helped them adapt, and so improved their chances of survival. It was a matter of the attitude of the prisoners who had a better chance to survive camp.

Psychoanalyst, child psychologist, Holocaust survivor Bruno Bettelheim found in The Informed Heart. Autonomy in a Mass Age (1979) the following sociological formula when faced with extreme crisis in life:

One third of the people deported to the camps died during the transport – out of fear to starve.
The other third died in the camp when food was short, life was hard-hard, and trust was low.
The last third had a chance to survive as they kept trusting in an inviolable instance within themselves.

Bread and games keep the masses going.
When survival and play is jeopardized TRUST into the unknown is an important asset.

Reaction pattern when faced with extreme conditions
Tripartition	Biblical reference	Behavior	Legend
1st third	Without BREAD they are not able to ...!	They cannot. (Giving up.)	One third of the Jews and Sinti who were deported into Nazi death camps died during the transportation out of fear and the uncertain prospect of living in a death camp.
2nd third	Without GAMES that ordinary people play they are not willing to ...!	They don't want to. (Drying up.)	The second third died during the death camp imprisonment, because the conditions there were unbearable for them.
3rd third	With hardly any BREAD and GAMES they ENDURE the hardship. TRUST in what is happening despite the hardship is the trump that lets people survive amidst the hardest conditions.	They endure the situation patiently and trustingly. (Keeping it up.) ___________________ When the Tipping Point is reached, Transformation is at hand.	The last third was released in miraculous ways or else it survived the tortures of personal disempowerment until they were freed by Allied troups. Those who were free men again owe this to the power of their mind and soul, their unswerving trust in their destiny and their physical discipline.
See also 2/3:1/3 ratio in the apocalyptic Revelation (last book of NT): A third of mankind will succeed from the shortened "days of tribulation".

Bettelheim suggested:

Eat/drink what's available.
Excrement regularly.
Stay up and present.
Read whatever you can read.
Try to communicate under adverse condition.
These recommentations conincide with the lower and middle rungs of Abraham Maslow's ladder.

Note: Bruno Bettelheim was a (spirit adverse) Freudian who survived the Nazi death camp. Later in his career he committed suicide. His writings and his actions were not congruent in the long run, as was found out later.

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Engl. Überschrift 2

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Links zum Thema Soziologie / Sociology

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Literatur

Bruno Bettelheim (1903-1990) österreichischer US-amerikanischer Psychoanalytiker, Kinderpsychologe, Autor, KZ-Überlebender, Aufstand gegen die Masse. Die Chance des Individuums in der modernen Gesellschaft, 1980
Gertrud Höhler (*1941) deutsche Publizistin und Unternehmensberaterin und Klaus von Menzel und Klaus von Menzel, Aufstieg für alle. Was die Gewinner den Verlierern schulden, Econ, September 2007
Richard Wilkinson (*1943) britischer Sozialepidemiologe, emeritierter Professor, Gesundheitswissenschaftler, Universität von Nottingham, Kate Pickett, Gleichheit ist Glück. Warum gerechte Gesellschaften für alle besser sind, Tolkemitt bei Zweitausendeins, 3. Auflage, Dezember 2009
[Wortwörtliche Übersetzung des Originaltitels: Wasserwaage. Warum gleichere Gesellschaften fast immer besser dran sind]
Andreas Zeuch, “Gleichheit ist Glück” – eine gesellschaftsverändernde Analyse, 19. Juli 2010

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Literatur (engl.)

Bruno Bettelheim (1903-1990) Austrian-born American child psychologist, writer, The Informed Heart. Autonomy in a Mass Age, 1979, Avon Books (Mm), reissued, January 1985
Peter Senge (*1947) US American scientist, director of the Center for Organizational Learning, MIT Sloan School of Management, The Fifth Discipline. The art and practice of the learning organization, Doubleday, 1990, new ed. 2006
An introduction to systems thinking, exemplified by the novel, Ishmael, 1992
Michael Maren, The Road To Hell: The Ravaging Effects Of Foreign Aid And International Charity, Simon & Schuster, 1997
Malcolm Gladwell (*1963) Canadian historian, social scientist, civil engineering professor emeritus, University of Waterloo in Ontario, Canada, journalist, bestseller author, business consultant, Outliers. The Story of Success, Little, Brown and Company, 1st edition, 18. November 2008
Richard Wilkinson, Ph.D. (*1943) British professor Emeritus of social epidemiology, University of Nottingham, researcher of inequality data in health and social determinants, Kate Pickett, Ph.D., British epidemiologist, University of York, The Spirit Level. Why More Equal Societies Almost Always Do Better, Bloomsbury Press, 22. December 2009
The Spirit Level: Why More Equal Societies Almost Always Do Better. Why Equality is Better for Everyone, updated version, 2010

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Externe Weblinks

Wikipedia-Einträge Diskriminierung, Soziologie, Kampf der Kulturen These von Samuel Phillips Huntington, US-amerikanischer Politikwissenschaftler, 1993, Klassismus

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Externe Weblinks (engl.)

Wikipedia entries Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order Thesis of Samuel Phillips Huntington, US American politics scientist, 1993, Class discrimination Classism, Sociology

Under the Influence. How power, status, and social hierarchy shape us, presented by Psychology Today, Michael W. Kraus, Ph.D., US Amercian social psychologist, post-doctoral scholar, UC San Francisco, 5. December 2011

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Audio- und Videolinks

Videointerview mit Prof. Peter Kruse (*1955) deutscher Psychologe; Schwerpunkt Komplexitätsverarbeitung in intelligenten Netzwerken, über das Verstehen von Musterbildung und Zusammenhängen, 07 Meilensteine der Kulturentwicklung, YouTube Film, 2:45 Minuten Dauer, eingestellt 25. März 2008
Videointerview mit Prof. Peter Kruse (*1955) deutscher Psychologe; Schwerpunkt Komplexitätsverarbeitung in intelligenten Netzwerken, über das Verstehen von Musterbildung und Zusammenhängen, 21 Wie erzeuge ich intelligente Bewertungssysteme für Plattformen, Youtube Film, 7:45 Minuten Dauer, eingestellt 26. März 2008
Wirtschaft und Unternehmen im Übergangsstadium, Netzwerke als Wahrnehmungsorgan für Führung, Intelligente Generierungssysteme (Plattformen) brauchen intelligente Bewertungssysteme.
Videointerview mit Prof. Peter Kruse (*1955) deutscher Psychologe; Schwerpunkt Komplexitätsverarbeitung in intelligenten Netzwerken, über das Verstehen von Musterbildung und Zusammenhängen, 19 Informelle Netzwerke sind nicht formlos, YouTube Film, 3:01 Minuten Dauer, eingestellt 31. März 2008
Das Missverständnis des formlosen informellen Netzwerkgedankens, die mystische Vorstellung von Selbstorganisation; Voraussetzung dafür: qualitätsgesicherte Prozesse, Disziplin, die Wichtigkeit von Feedbacks
Video TV-Dokumentation über Richard Wilkinson, Ph.D. (*1943) britischer emeritierter Professor für Sozialepidemiologie, Universität von Nottingham, Wirtschaftswissenschaftler, Erforscher des Sozialgefälles weltweit, "Gleichheit macht glücklich", präsentiert von TV-Sender Arte, 2:39 Minuten Dauer, zitiert aus: ARTE Journal, 25. März 2011
Video TV-Dokumentation mit Fokus auf Richard Wilkinson, Ph.D. (*1943) britischer emeritierter Professor für Sozialepidemiologie, Universität von Nottingham, Wirtschaftswissenschaftler, Erforscher des Sozialgefälles weltweit, Die Armutskonferenz, Veranstaltung Armutskonferenz, präsentiert von Augustin TV, YouTube Film, 2:19 Minute Dauer, eingestellt 17. März 2011
Video TV Interview mit Peter Sloterdijk (*1947) deutscher Professor für Philosophie, Universität Karlsruhe, Fernsehmoderator, Kulturwissenschaftler, Essayist, Vision der gebenden Hand – Die neue soziale Frage, präsentiert vom Schweizer TV-Kanal SF, Sendung "Sternstunde Philosophie", Gastgeberin Katja Gentinetta, Sendetermin 20. März 2011, YouTube Film, 1:00:59 Dauer, eingestellt 10. April 2011
Ethik des Steuern GEBENs vs. des Steuern DULDENs

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Audio- und Videolinks (engl.)

Audio interview with Gail Dines, US American professor of sociology and women's studies, Wheelock College, Boston, anti-pornography campaigner, author of Pornland. How Porn has hijacked Our Sexuality, 29. June 2010 and Melinda Tankard Reist on Has porn hijacked our sexuality?, presented by web radio program ABC RN Late Night Live, host Phillip Adams, 55 minutes duration, aired 27. October 2010
One in five men who look at [ Internet ] pornography are [porn] addicted. Article in Adult Video News (pornography industry publication), minute 24:16.
Video presentation by Sam Richards, US American sociologist, iconoclast, one of the "101 Most Dangerous Academics in America", on A radical experiment in empathy, presented by TED Talks, 18:07 minutes duration, filmed October 2010, posted April 2011
Empathy is the core of sociology.
Video documentation with a focus on the inequality research by Richard Wilkinson, Ph.D. Equality Trust (*1943) British professor Emeritus of social epidemiology, University of Nottingham, researcher of inequality data in health and social determinants, Why occupy Wall St? – The real effects of income inequality, YouTube film, 8:04 minutes duration, posted 30. November 2011
Excessive wealth in the hands of a few triggers a breakdown of society, particularly the USA.

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Audio- und Videolinks (engl.) – Zeitgeist

Video presentation by Peter Joseph, US American non-commercial film director, activist, producer of the documentary film Zeitgeist: The Movie, founder of the The Zeitgeist Movement, conference Zeitgeist Day 2010 on the topic Social Pathology, New York City, USA, 13. March 2010, full transcript, YouTube film
- Speech on Zday 2010, part 1 of 10, 10:59 minutes duration, posted 31. December 2010
- Speech on Zday 2010, part 2 of 10, 10:59 minutes duration, posted 31. December 2010
- Speech on Zday 2010, part 3 of 10, 10:59 minutes duration, posted 31. December 2010
- Speech on Zday 2010, part 4 of 10, 10:59 minutes duration, posted 31. December 2010 -- Tribute to the study results of Richard Wilkinson and Kate Picket, minute 4:08
- Speech on Zday 2010, part 5 of 10, 10:59 minutes duration, posted 31. December 2010 -- Tribute to the study results of Richard Wilkinson and Kate Picket
- Speech on Zday 2010, part 6 of 10, 10:59 minutes duration, posted 31. December 2010 -- Tribute to the study results of Richard Wilkinson and Kate Picket, the status quo sustaining role of the advertisement industry, minute 2:20
- Speech on Zday 2010, part 7 of 10, 10:59 minutes duration, posted 31. December 2010
- Speech on Zday 2010, part 8 of 10, 10:59 minutes duration, posted 31. December 2010
- Speech on Zday 2010, part 9 of 10, 10:59 minutes duration, posted 31. December 2010
- Speech on Zday 2010, part 10 of 10, 5:59 minutes duration, posted 31. December 2010
Video documentary Zeitgeist: Moving Forward, largest non-profit independent film release in history, presented by Zeitgeistmovingforward.com, released 15. January 2011, YouTube film, alternatively: cmn.tv, 2:41:25 duration, posted 25. January 2011