SpiritualWiki - Gerechtigkeit

Frage: Glauben Sie, dass es keine Verbrechen mehr gäbe, wenn das Denken in den Kategorien von Gut und Böse, Schuldig und Unschuldig, aufhören würde? Gibt es nicht immer Menschen, die verführbar sind?

Fassadendetail Iustitia am ehem. Karmeliterkloster /
Gebäude des Landgerichts, Marienplatz in Ravensburg

Antwort: Manche Menschen stehlen, manche töten. Manchmal tun Menschen Dinge, die überhaupt nicht im Einklang mit den Bedürfnissen anderer stehen. Deshalb brauchen wir in der Tat ein Rechtssystem, das uns schützt.

Frage: Wie kann man das machen, ohne Menschen zu bestrafen?
Antwort: Walter Wink beschreibt in seinem Buch¹ ein Naturvolk, die Negrito.² Bei denen sieht das zum Beispiel so aus:

Wenn jemand dort einem anderen Schaden zufügt, seine Hühner stiehlt oder das Haus des Nachbarn anzündet oder was auch immer, dann wird die Person, die das getan hat, in der Mitte eines Kreises gestellt, umringt von den Menschen, die diese Person kennen. Und sie verbringen einen ganzen Tag damit, dass jeder Einzelne aus der Gruppe diesem Men-
schen erzählt, durch welche wundervollen Dinge, die sie getan hat, sein Leben bereichert wurde.
Das müssen Sie sich mal vorstellen. Es geht hier um einen Verbrecher, und die erzählen ihm, was er an Schönheit in das Leben eines Mitmenschen gebracht hat. Diese Rechtspraxis hat ein Menschenbild vor Augen, das aus der Vor-
stellung entstanden ist, dass es unserer menschlichen Natur entspricht, dass wir, wenn wir mit uns verbunden sind, nichts lieber tun als zum Wohlergehen anderer beizutragen.

Quelle: ► Marshall B. Rosenberg (1934-2015) US-amerikanischer Psychologe, Psychotherapeut, Entwickler der Gewaltfreie Kommunikation, im Gespräch mit Gabriele Seils, Hörbuch Konflikte lösen durch gewaltfreie Kommunikation, Kapitel
"Recht ist nicht gleich Gerechtigkeit", 4 CDs, Verlag Steinbach Sprechende Bücher; ungekürzte Lesung, 22. März 2007

Siehe auch: ► Gut und Böse-Denken

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Recht haben ⇔ recht sein

An dem Ort, an dem wir Recht haben,
werden niemals Blumen wachsen im Frühjahr.

Der Ort, an dem wir Recht haben,
ist zertrampelt und hart wie ein Hof.

Zweifel und Liebe aber lockern die Welt auf
wie ein Maulwurf, wie ein Pflug.
Und ein Flüstern wird hörbar an dem Ort,
wo das Haus stand, das zerstört wurde.

Quelle: ► Jehuda Amichai (1924-2000) bedeutender deutsch-israelischer Lyriker,
Zeit. Gedichte, Suhrkamp, Frankfurt am Main, 1998

Siehe auch: ► Gedichte

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Zitate zum Thema Recht und Gerechtigkeit / Law and justice

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Zitate allgemein

Selig sind, die da hungert und dürstet nach der Gerechtigkeit; denn sie sollen satt werden.
Matthäus 5, 6 (NT)

Selig sind, die um der Gerechtigkeit willen verfolgt werden, denn ihrer ist das Himmelreich.
Selig seid ihr, wenn euch die Menschen um meinetwillen schmähen und verfolgen und
reden allerlei Übles gegen euch, wenn sie damit lügen.
Jesus Christus (2-7 v. Chr.-30/31 n. Chr.) galiläisch-jüdischer Avatar, Bergpredigt, Matthäus 5, 10-11 (NT)

Darum sage ich euch: Wenn eure Gerechtigkeit [Rechtschaffenheit] nicht weit größer ist
als die der Schriftgelehrten und der Pharisäer, werdet ihr nicht in das Himmelreich kommen.
Matthäus 5, 20 (NT)

Jesus: Richtet nicht nach dem Anschein, sondern richtet ein rechtes Gericht. Johannes 7, 24 (NT)

Jesus: Ihr richtet nach dem Fleisch; ich richte niemand.
So ich aber richte, so ist mein Gericht recht; denn ich bin nicht allein,
sondern ich und der Vater, der mich gesandt hat. Johannes 8, 15-16 (NT)

Darum lasst uns nicht mehr einer den andern richten; sondern richtet vielmehr darauf euren
Sinn, dass niemand seinem Bruder einen Anstoß oder Ärgernis bereite. Römer 14, 13 (NT)

Der aber Samen gibt dem Sämann und Brot zur Speise, der wird auch euch Samen geben
und ihn mehren und wachsen lassen die Früchte eurer Gerechtigkeit. 2. Korinther 9, 10 (NT)

Die Frucht der Gerechtigkeit aber wird in Frieden denen gesät, die Frieden stiften. Jakobus 3, 18 (NT)

Persönliche Bekenntnisse

"Ich brauche keine Gnade, ich will Gerechtigkeit."
Gotthold Ephraim Lessing (1729-1781) deutscher Philosoph, Kunstkritker, Publizist, Dramatiker, bedeutender Dichter der deutschen Aufklärung, Figur Minna von Barnhelm in: Minna von Barnhelm oder das Soldatenglück (1763-1767)

Ich glaube, dass unbewaffnete Wahrheit und bedingungslose Liebe das letzte Wort in der Wirklichkeit haben werden. Das ist der Grund, weshalb Recht, auch wenn es vorübergehend unterliegt, stärker ist als das triumphierende Böse. Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. (1929-1968) US-amerikanischer Baptistenpastor, Aktivist, afro-amerikanischer Bürgerrechtler, Rede zur Verleihung des Friedensnobelpreises, Oslo, Norwegen, 10. Dezember 1964

Empfehlung

Wenn du gezwungen werden sollst, an der Ungerechtigkeit gegen einen anderen mitzuwirken, dann brich das Gesetz! Lass dein Leben zum Reibungswiderstand gegen Ungerechtigkeit werden, der die Maschine zum Stehen bringt! Henry David Thoreau (1817-1862) US-amerikanischer führender Transzendentalist, Historiker, Philosoph, Naturalist, Steuergegner, Dichter, Schriftsteller, zitiert in: Aphorismen.de

Empörung

[Es wird] tiefer Argwohn und Unwillen gegen jeden Mann rege [gemacht], der es wagt, ihr ruchloses Auslöschen der bürgerlichen Tugend durch den Trug einer wahrheitsleeren Sittlichkeit und ihr Verscharren des Rechts in die Mistgrube der Gnade für das zu erklären, was es wirklich ist. Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi (1746-1827) Schweizer Politiker, Pädagoge, Schul- und Sozialreformer, Philosoph, Philanthrop, Autor, Meine Nachforschungen über den Gang der Natur in der Entwicklung des Menschengeschlechts, "Bild des Menschen wie es sich meiner Individualität vor Augen stellt", letzter Absatz, S. 3/7, 1797

Anforderungsprofil für Richter

Vier Eigenschaften gehören zu einem Richter:
- höflich anzuhören,
- weise zu antworten,
- vernünftig zu erwägen
- und unparteiisch zu entscheiden.

Xenophon (430-354 v. Chr.) antikgriechischer Politiker, Feldherr, Söldner, Händler, Historiker, Schüler von Sokrates, Schriftsteller, Memorabilien. Erinnerungen an Sokrates, 371 v. Chr., Wilhelm Goldmann Verlag, 1. Januar 1960; zitiert in: Aphorismen.de

Schlussfolgerungen

Je verdorbener der Staat, desto mehr Gesetze hat er.
Lateinisches Original: Corruptissima re publica plurimae leges.

Publius Cornelius Tacitus [Gaius] (58-~120 n. Chr.) bedeutender römischer Historiker, Senator des Römischen Reichs, Annalen,
3. Buch, 27, 1. Jahrhundert n.Chr.

Schlussfolgerungen

Nimm das Recht weg – was ist dann ein Staat noch anderes als eine große Räuberbande?
[Remota itaque iustitia quid sunt regna nisi magna latrocinia?]
St. Augustinus von Hippo Regius (354-430) algerischer Bischof, katholischer Kirchenlehrer, Philosoph zwischen Antike und Mittel-
alter, Schrift De civitate dei [Vom Gottesstaat], Teil IV, Kapitel 4, 1, verfasst 413 bis 426 n. Chr.; zitiert in: Rede Papst Benedikts
XVI. im Deutschen Bundestag am 22. September 2011, präsentiert von der Publikation Deutscher Bundestag, 2011

Kinder erleben nichts so scharf und bitter wie Ungerechtigkeit. Charles Dickens (1812-1870) englischer Gesell-
schaftskritiker, Schriftsteller, Große Erwartungen, 1861; zitiert in: 1000 Zitate

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Wunsch nach Gerechtigkeit – gebildete Herzen

Es gibt eine unerlässliche Voreingenommenheit, die die Augen öffnet. Wenn ich nicht voreingenommen bin von dem Wunsch nach Gerechtigkeit, dann nehme ich das Leiden der Gequälten nicht einmal wahr. Voreingenommenheit ist die Bildung des Herzens, die uns das Recht der Armen vermissen lässt. Ein Urteil zu haben, ist nicht nur eine Sache des klugen Verstandes und der exakten Schlüsse, es ist eine Sache des gebildeten Herzens. Das gebildete Herz ist nicht neutral, es fährt auf, wenn es die Wahrheit verraten sieht. Der Zorn ist eines der Charismen des Herzens. Dorothee Sölle (1929-2003) deutsche evangelische feministische Befreiungstheologin, Pazifistin, Referentin, Schriftstellerin,
Fulbert Stefensky, Wider den Luxus der Hoffnungslosigkeit, Herder, Freiburg, 1995

Eine Versöhnung zwischen zwei autonomen Menschen kann nicht stattfinden, wenn der eine Teil Unterwerfung for-
dert. Heinz-Peter Röhr (*1949) deutscher Pädagoge, Suchtpsychotherapeut, Autor, Borderline bewältigen. Hilfen und Selbsthil-
fen, S. 119, Patmos Verlag, 15. September 2010, 24. Mai 2016

Widerstandsrecht und -pflicht
Papst Leo XIII. begründete damit das Widerstandsrecht gegen despotische Gesetze, die gegen das Naturrecht verstoßen.

Wo Recht zu Unrecht wird, wird Widerstand zur Pflicht, Gehorsam aber Verbrechen!

Verkürzte, säkularisierte Fassung eines Lehrwortes von Papst Leo XIII., 19. Jahrhundert

Wer das Böse stillschweigend akzeptiert, ist ebenso daran beteiligt wie derjenige, der dazu beiträgt, es zu verüben.
Wer das Böse widerspruchslos hinnimmt, arbeitet in Wirklichkeit mit ihm zusammen!
Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. (1929-1968) US-amerikanischer Baptistenpastor, Aktivist, afro-amerikanischer Bürgerrechtler, Frie-
densnobelpreisträger, 1964, Schritte zur Freiheit. Die Montgomery Story, Harper & Brothers, 1958, Profile Books, 17. Januar 2011

Fraktale Form des Romanesco Brokkoli

[…] eine [innere] Stimme […], welche […] mir von etwas abredet, was ich tun will […] Das ist es, was sich mir widersetzt, dass ich nicht soll Staatsgeschäfte betreiben. […] wenn ich [es] schon vor langer Zeit unternommen hätte, Staatsgeschäfte zu be-
treiben, so wäre ich auch schon längst umgekommen und hätte weder euch etwas genutzt noch auch mir selbst. Werdet mir nur nicht böse, wenn ich die Wahrheit rede! Denn kein Mensch kann sich erhalten, der sich – sei es nun euch oder einer anderen Volksmenge – tapfer widersetzt und viel Ungerechtes und Gesetz-
widriges im Staate zu verhindern sucht, sondern notwendig muss, wer in der Tat für die Gerechtigkeit streiten will, […] wenn er sich nur kurze Zeit erhalten soll, ein zurückgezogenes Leben führen, kein öffentliches. Sokrates (469-399 v. Chr.) altgriechischer vor-
christlicher Philosoph, nach Platon (427-347 v. Chr.) vorchristlicher griechischer Philosoph, Begründer der abendländischen Philosophie, Apologie des Sokrates, Philipp Reclam jun. Verlag, 1986

Gerechtigkeit wird nur dort herrschen, wo sich die vom Unrecht nicht Betroffenen genauso entrüsten wie die Beleidigten. Platon (427-347 v. Chr.) vorchristlicher altgriechischer Philosoph, Begründer der abendländischen Philosophie,
zitiert in: Aphorismen.de

Das Prinzip der Gegenseitigkeit und damit der Fairness muss in Wirklichkeit gar nicht erst gelehrt werden. Es steckt in uns drin. Die andere Wange hinzuhalten, würde eine übermenschliche Selbstaufgabe erfordern, eine Überwindung unserer Natur. Moral lässt sich nicht auf einen kulturellen Aneignungsprozess reduzieren. Die Kultur prägt unsere moralische Entwicklung, aber sie erschafft die Moral nicht. Sie verarbeitet allenfalls ein Drehbuch, das bereits im Rohzustand existiert. [...] Eine Moral völliger Selbstlosigkeit ist nicht möglich, sie widerspricht der menschlichen Natur. Diese zieht Grenzen, an deren Missachtung auch politische und religiöse Utopien scheitern – jedenfalls dann, wenn
sie über das Stadium einer kleinen, zeitweiligen Sekte hinauswachsen wollen. Interview mit Dr. Jonathan Haidt (*1963) US-amerikanischer Professor für Sozial-, Kultur-, Moralpsychologie und ethisches Führungswissen, New York University Stern School of Business, Autor, "Wir reiten auf einem Elefanten." Der amerikanische Psychologieprofessor Jonathan Haidt erklärt die mora-
lischen Grundlagen der Politik und die unterschiedlichen Werte von Rechten und Linken., präsentiert von dem deutschen Nachrichtenmagazin Der Spiegel, Ausgabe 2, Gastgeber und Redakteur Romain Leick, 7. Januar 2013

Der Rechtsstaat hat nicht zu siegen, er hat auch nicht zu verlieren, sondern er hat zu existieren! Interview mit Helmut Schmidt (1918-2015) deutscher sozialdemokratischer Politiker, fünfter Bundeskanzler der Bundesrepublik Deutschland (1974-1982), präsentiert von der überregionalen deutschen Wochenzeitung Die Zeit, Nr. 36/2007, 30. August 2007; zitiert in: Gutzitiert

Die Beseitigung der Armut ist kein Akt der Barmherzigkeit, sondern ein Akt der Gerechtigkeit. Wie Sklaverei und Apartheid ist Armut nicht naturgegeben. Sie ist das Werk von Menschen und sie kann überwunden und aufgehoben werden durch den Einsatz von Menschen. Manchmal fällt es einer Generation zu, Großes zu vollbringen. Ihr könntet diese Generation sein. Rede vor über 20.000 Zuhörern von Nelson Mandela [Vater der Regenbogen-Nation] (1918-2013) führender südafrikanischer Anti-Apartheid-Kämpfer, 27 Jahre politisch Gefangener, erster schwarzer Präsident Südafrikas (1994-
1999), Start der "Make Poverty History"-Kampagne [Deine Stimme gegen Armut], Trafalgar Square, London, 3. Februar 2005

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Südafrikanische Wahrheitskommission

Der südafrikanische Präsident Nelson Mandela hatte in seiner Amtszeit die Wahrheits- und Versöhnungskommission eingesetzt hat, um rassistisch motivierten Verbrechen während der Zeit der Apartheid aus freiem Willen aufzudecken und zu sühnen. Die Professorin für Psychologie Pumla Gobodo-Madikizela an der Universität von Kapstadt moderierte als Mitglied der Kommission den Austausch von Opfern und Tätern des Rassismus nach dem Ende der Apartheid im Jahr 1994.

Gerichte ermutigen Menschen, ihre Schuld zu bestreiten.

Die Wahrheitskommission lädt sie ein, die Wahrheit zu sagen.

Vor Gericht werden Schuldige bestraft,

in der Wahrheitskommission werden Reuige belohnt.

Pumla Gobodo-Madikizela (*1955) südafrikanische Professorin für Psychologie, Universität von Kapstadt, Autorin von Das Erbe der Apartheid. Trauma, Erinnerung, Versöhnung, Verlag Barbara Budrich, 1. April 2006, zitiert in: Artikel Angst vor dem Geruch von Blut, präsentiert von dem deutschen Nachrichtenmagazin Der Spiegel, Katja Thimm und Johann Grolle, 8. Mai 2006

Die 205 Befragten der deutschen Studie "Alter: Leben und Arbeit" in 2012
teilten sich auf in vier unvereinbar unterschiedliche Alterstypen.

Gruppe	Prozent	Alterstyp	Bewertung der Arbeitswelt	Trend
1.	22%	Leistungsorientiert	Positiv	Wahrung des Status quo
2.	14%	Wertkonservativ	Negativ	Sozialer Wandel
3.	30%	Hedonistisch	Negativ	Sozialer Wandel
4.	34%	Solidarisch	Negativ	Sozialer Wandel

Es geht heute nicht mehr um die Erhöhung individueller Motivation, sondern es geht um mehr soziale Gerechtigkeit. Wir stehen vor der Frage nach grundsätzlich neuen [sozialen] Modellen. Die gemeinschaftliche Leistung in Richtung Solidarität wird unsere zentrale Aufgabe in den nächsten Jahren sein.
Gelöschter Audiovortrag von Prof. Dr. Peter Kruse (1955-2015) deutscher Honorarprofessor für Allgemeine und Organisations-
psychologie, Universität Bremen, Psychologe, Netzwerkforscher zur Komplexitätsverarbeitung in intelligenten Netzwerken und kohärenter Musterbildung, Geschäftsführer von Nextpractice, Unternehmensberater, ''Wie legt man eine Kultur auf die Coach? – "Alter: Leben und Arbeit", veranstaltet von der Körber-Stiftung, Symposium "Potenziale des Alters", KörberForum, Hamburg,
15. November 2012, 35:22 Minuten Dauer, eingestellt 15. November 2012

Freiheit – Recht – Staat. Diese Dinge gehören zusammen.
Titel eines Vortrags von Prof. Karl Albrecht Schachtschneider (*1940) deutscher Staatsrechtslehrer, Professor für Öffentliches
Recht, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Freiheit – Recht – Staat, 1. Oktober 2011, präsentiert von der Wissensmanufaktur,
Wissens-Forum, YouTube Film, 58:53 Minuten Dauer, eingestellt 14. August 2012

Das Recht muss nie der Politik, wohl aber die Politik jederzeit dem Recht angepasst werden.
Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) deutscher Philosoph der Aufklärung, Über ein vermeintes Recht, aus Menschenliebe zu lügen,
1797; auch zitiert: Aphorismen.de

Die privatrechtlichen Strukturen sind jetzt nicht mehr relevant. […] Wir stehen vor den Grundlagen eines absolut neuen Rechtssystems. Videodiskussion, "Antworten auf Fragen" von Dr. Franz Hörmann (*1960) österreichischer visionärer Wirtschaftswissenschaftler, außerordentlicher Professor für Unternehmensrechnung, Institut für Revisions-, Treuhand- und Rech-
nungswesen, Wirtschaftsuniversität Wien, Vortragender, Autor, Das Endes des Geldes – Was kommt danach?, veranstaltet von
dem österreichischen Verein "Die Vorarlberger", YouTube Film, Minute 1:11:52, 1:16:38 Dauer, eingestellt 23. September 2013

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Sinngemäße Bedeutung:

Vor Gericht bekommt man nicht Recht [Gerechtigkeit], sondern nur ein Urteil.

Vor Gericht und auf hoher See sind wir in Gottes Hand.
[Coram iudice et in alto mare in manu dei soli sumus.]
Römische Juristenweisheit

Solange es keine Gerechtigkeit gibt, müssen wir mit der Justiz vorlieb nehmen. Dr. Rüdiger Bagger, ehemaliger deutscher Oberstaatsanwalt in Hamburg, zitiert in: Fernsehtalkrunde Der Fall Kachelmann – ein Justizskandal?, präsentiert von dem deutschen Fernsehdender ZDF, Polit-Talkshow Polittalk|Maybrit Illner, Gastgeberin
Maybrit Illner (*1965) deutsche Journalistin, Fernsehmoderatorin, Autorin, 5 Teile-YouTube Film, Minute 34:05, 64:44 Minuten
Dauer, Sendetermin 26. Mai 2011, eingestellt 27. Mai 2011

Die Justiz ist eine Hure der Politik.
Charles Maurice de Talleyrand (1754-1838) französischer Staatsmann, Minister Napoléons, zitiert in: WikiMANNia

Die Justiz ist in Deutschland seit Jahrhunderten die Hure der deutschen Fürsten. [...] Die meisten ihrer Diener sind
der Regierung mit Haut und Haar verkauft. Zitiert in: Der Hessische Landbote, 1834

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"Wo Unrecht zu Recht wird, wird Widerstand zur Pflicht."

Fälschlich Bertolt Brecht zugeschrieben

Wir berufen uns auch auf die Worte von Papst Leo XIII. – ich zitiere: »Wenn aber die Staatsgesetze sich offen gegen das göttliche Recht auflehnen ... dann ist Wi-
derstand Pflicht, Gehorsam aber Verbrechen.« Petra Kelly (1947-1992) deutsche Po-
litikerin (Die Grünen), Friedens-, Umwelt- und Menschenrechtsaktivistin, Deutscher Bundes-
tag, Stenographischer Bericht, 10. Wahlperiode, 13. Sitzung, 15. Juni 1983 (archive.org, S. 768); Referenz Papst Leo XIII., Enzyklika Sapientiae christianae, 10. Januar 1890; zitiert in: Zitateforschung

Gerechtigkeit ist blind, darum bedarf sie der Hilfe eines jeden.
Pavel Kosorin (*1964) tschechischer Humorist, Aphoristiker, zitiert in: Aphorismen.de

Referenz: de.Wikiquote-Eintrag ► Gerechtigkeit

Referenz: WikiMANNia

Literaturzitate

Wo Gericht, da ist auch Ungerechtigkeit.
Leo Tolstoi (1828-1910) russischer Schriftsteller, Krieg und Frieden, 1868/69, Werner Bergengruen (1892-1964), Übersetzer, 1953

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Ewiges Recht übertrumpft das irdische Recht/ssystem.

Eine Grenze hat Tyrannenmacht:
Wenn der Gedrückte nirgends Recht kann finden,
wenn unerträglich wird die Last, greift er
hinauf getrosten Mutes in den Himmel
und holt herunter seine ew'gen Rechte,
die droben hangen unveräußerlich
und unzerbrechlich wie die Sterne selbst.

Friedrich von Schiller (1759-1805) deutscher Arzt, Historiker, Philosoph, Dichter, Schriftsteller, dramatisches Theaterstück Wilhelm Tell, Teil II, 2. Szene, Figur Stauffacher, uraufgeführt in Weimar, 17. März 1804

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General quotes

And the Lord said, If I find in Sodom fifty righteous within the city, then I will spare all the place for their sakes.
Genesis 18, 26 King (OT)

Speak up for those who cannot speak for themselves; ensure justice for those being crushed.
Yes, speak up for the poor and helpless, and see that they get justice.
Proverbs 31, 8-9 (OT)

For I tell you that unless your righteousness surpasses that of the Pharisees and the teachers of the law, you
will certainly not enter the kingdom of heaven. Matthew 5, 20 (NT)

Judge not, that you may not be judged. For with the same judgment that you judge, you will be judged, and
with the same measure with which you measure, it will be measured to you.
Sermon on the Mount, Matthew 7, 1-2 (NT) Lamsa Bible

Woe to you lawyers! For you have taken away the key of knowledge. You did not enter yourselves, and
you hindered those who were entering. Luke 11, 52 (NT) English Standard Version

Do not judge according to appearance, but judge with righteous judgment.
John 7, 24 (NT) New American Standard Bible, 1995

All the believers were together and had everything in common. All the believers were together and had
everything in common. Acts 2, 44 (NT)

Personal avowals

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Compassion for those blinded by poverty

When the blind-deaf visionary Helen Keller learned that poor people were more likely to be blind than others, she set off down a pacifist, socialist path.

So long as I confine my activities to social service and the blind, they compliment me extravagantly, calling me 'arch priestess of the sightless,' 'wonder woman,' and a 'modern miracle.' But when it comes to a discussion of poverty, and I maintain that it is the result of wrong economics – that the industrial system under which we live is at the root of much of the physical deafness and blindness in the world – that is a different matter! It is laudable to give aid to the handicapped. Superficial charities make smooth the way of the prosperous; but to advocate that all human beings should have leisure and comfort, the decencies and refinements of life, is a Utopian dream, and one who seriously contemplates its realization indeed must be deaf, dumb, and blind.
Helen Keller (1880-1968) US American deafblind member of the Socialist Party of America, political activist for women's suffrage, labor rights, socialism, lecturer, author, letter to Senator Robert La Follette, 1924, presented by the nonprofit positive futures journal YES!, The radical dissent of Helen Keller, presented by the United Kingdom-based political website openDemocracy, Peter Dreier, 24. June 2015

I believe that unarmed truth and unconditional love will have the final word in reality. That is why right, temporarily defeated, is stronger than evil triumphant. Rev. Martin Luther King, Jr. (1929-1968) US American Baptist minister, activist, leader of the African American civil rights movement, Nobel Peace Prize laureate, 10. December 1964

When I give food to the poor, they call me a saint. When I ask why they are poor, they call me a communist.
Dom Hélder Pessoa Câmara (1909-1999) Brazilian Roman Catholic archbishop (1964-1985), advocate of liberation theology,
cited in: Zildo Rocha, Helder, O Dom. uma vida que marcou os rumos da Igreja no Brasil [The Gift. A Life that Marked the
Course of the Church in Brazil], S. 53, Editora Vozes, 2000

If you are neutral in situations of injustice, you have chosen the side of the oppressor. If an elephant has its foot on
the tail of a mouse, and you say that you are neutral, the mouse will not appreciate your neutrality.

Desmond Tutu (1931-2021) South African anti-apartheid activist, first black archbishop of the Anglican Church of Southern Africa, Nobel Peace Prize laureate, 1984, cited in: Goodreads Quotable Quote

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Predicting the inevitable success of the abolitionist cause

I do not pretend to understand the moral universe; the arc is a long one, my eye reaches but little ways; I cannot calculate the curve and complete the figure by the experience of sight; I can divine it by conscience. And from what I see I am sure it bends towards justice.
Theodore Parker (1810-1860) US American Transcendentalist, reforming minister of the Unitarian church, abolitionist reformer, cited in: Susan Manker-Seale, The Moral Arc of the Universe: Bending Toward Justice, 15. January 2006, retrieved 29. February 2008

I chose to defend human rights because I cannot maintain my silence in the face of injustice.
Chen Guangcheng (*1971) Chinese civil rights activist, cited in: AZ Quotes

It is precisely because of my love for humanity that I get enraged at systems that prevent people from flourishing and being free. It's frustrating to see my righteous anger at unjust systems misinterpreted as hatred for individuals, but it's more frustrating to see the oppressed suffer while those maladjusted to injustice remain silent. I won't be silent. Silence is violence.
Nyle Fort, US American minister, organizer, scholar, cited in: imgur.com

As long as there is no justice, we have to make do with the judiciary.
Dr. Rüdiger Bagger, former German senior public prosecutor in Hamburg, quoted in: Televised talk show Der Fall Kachelmann – ein Justizskandal? [The case Kachelmann – a justice scandal], presented by the German public-service television broadcaster ZDF, political talkshow Polittalk|Maybrit Illner, host Maybrit Illner (*1965) German television journalist, TV anchor, author, 5 part
YouTube film, minute 34:05, 64:44 minutes duration, aired 26. Mai 2011, posted 27. May 2011

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Accountable leaders present profit data as well as social data every quarterly.

Every 90 days you have to tell people about your numbers. Not just the profit data, but also the social data. That is what I did at Timberland.
Jeffrey Swartz (*1960) US American businessman, philanthropist, president and CEO of Timberland Company (1998-2011), pioneer in social responsiblity, cited in: Article Meet the Jewish billionaire who studies Torah every morning, presented by the Israelian newspaper Hareetz, Asher Schechter,
16. March 2012

My company's primary mission is "Make the world a better place."
Jeffrey Swartz (*1960) US American businessman, philanthropist, president and CEO of Timberland Company (1998-2011),
pioneer in social responsiblity, cited in: Blog Customer Disloyalty and Business as We Shift Toward Subjectivity, first published
20. February 2012

Political outlook

I am not an advocate for frequent changes in laws and Constitutions. But laws and institutions must go hand in hand with the progress of the human mind. As that becomes more developed, more enlightened, as new disco-
veries are made, new truths discovered and manners and opinions change, with the change of circumstances, insti-
tutions must advance also to keep pace with the times. We might as well require a man to wear still the coat which
fitted him when a boy as civilized society to remain ever under the regimen of their barbarous ancestors.
Thomas Jefferson [US Founding Father] (1743-1826) third US president (1801-1809), principal author of the Declaration of Independence, 4. July 1776, redacted and excerpted from letter addressed to Samuel Kercheval, 12. July 1816

Appeals

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Anger for justice

He who is not angry when there is just cause for anger is immoral. Why? Because anger looks to
the good of justice. And if you can live amid injustice without anger, you are immoral as well as unjust.
Saint Thomas Aquinas [Doctor Universalis] (1225-1274) Italian Catholic saint, Dominican priest, highly influential philosopher,
theologian in the tradition of scholasticism, cited in: Quotations by Thomas Aquinas, presented by wist.info

If the machine of government is of such a nature that it requires you to be the agent of injustice to another, then, I say, break the law. Henry David Thoreau (1817-1862) US American historian, philosopher, leading transcendentalist, naturalist, abolitio-
nist, surveyor, tax resister, development critic, poet, author, Civil Disobedience and Other Essays, Dover Publications, 20. May 1993

We must learn that passively to accept an unjust system is to cooperate with that system, and thereby to be-
come a participant in its evil. [...] Put up thy sword. Rev. Martin Luther King, Jr. (1929-1968) US American Baptist minister, activist, leader of the African American civil rights movement, Nobel Peace Prize laureate, 1964, collection of his sermons Strength to Love, Harper & Row, 1963, Fortress Press, 10. January 2010

We should never forget that everything Adolf Hitler did in Germany was "legal" and everything the Hungarian freedom fighters did in Hungary was "illegal." It was "illegal" to aid and comfort a Jew in Hitler's Germany. Even so, I am sure that, had I lived in Germany at the time, I would have aided and comforted my Jewish brothers. If today I lived in a Communist country where certain principles dear to the Christian faith are suppressed, I would openly advocate disobeying that country's antireligious laws.
Reverend Martin Luther King, Jr. (1929-1968) US American Baptist minister, activist, leader in the African American civil rights movement, Letter from Birmingham Jail Letter_Birmingham.html, 16. April 1963

Remember: Oppression thrives off isolation. Connection is the only thing that can save you.
Remember: Oppression thrives on superficiality. Honesty about your struggles is the key to your liberation.
Remember: Your story can help save someone's life. Your silence contributes to someone else's struggle.
Speak so we can all be free. Love so we all can be liberated. The moment is now. We need you.
Yolo Akili Robinson, US American yoga teacher, activist, founder and director of BEAM, writer, cited in: Goodreads Quotable Quote

Recommendations

Problematic issues

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Mere factual innocence is no reason not to carry out a death sentence properly reached.

A number of Courts of Appeals have hitherto held […] that newly discovered evidence relevant only to a state prisoner's guilt or innocence is not a basis for federal habeas corpus relief [...]. I do not understand it to be the import of today's decision that those holdings are to be replaced with a strange regime that assumes permanently, though only "arguendo," that a constitutional right exists, and expends substantial judicial resources on that assumption.
Antonin Scalia (1936-2016) US American associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (1986-2016), Supreme Court of the United States, No. 91-7328, 25. January 1993

Conclusions

Whenever law ends, tyranny begins. John Locke (1632-1704) English philosopher, An Essay concerning the true original, extent and end of civil Government, chapter 18 Of Tyranny, 1690

No one ever heard of the truth being enforced by law.
Whenever the secular arm is called in to sustain an idea,
whether new or old, it is always a bad idea, and not
infrequently it is downright idiotic.

H. L. Mencken (1880-1956) US American critic of American life and culture, satirist, journalist, magazine editor, essayist, author, Minority Report, S. 382, Alfred A. Knopf, New York, 1956

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Regulations of wealth and social justice

Strictly speaking, all amassing or hoarding of wealth above and beyond one's legitimate requirements is theft. There would be no occasion for theft, and therefore no thieves, if there were wise regulations of wealth and absolute social justice. Mohandas Karamchand Mahatma Gandhi (1869-1948) Indian Hindu sage, spiritual activist leader, humanitarian, lawyer, nonviolent freedom fighter, cited in: article A Meeting with Mahatma Gandhi, presented by the newspaper Saturday Evening Post, Nicholas Gilmore, 2. October 2019

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Issuing more laws does not reduce criminality.

The more laws and order are made prominent, the more thieves and robbers there will be. Lao Tzu (604-531 BC) Chinese sage, philosopher, founder of Daoism, cited in: Wing-tsit Chan (1901-1994) Chinese professor of philosophy and religion, active in the United States, The Way of Lao Tzu, Prentice Hall, 11. January 1963

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36 Righteous people

Notion of the mystical Judaism

It is said that at all times there are 36 special people in the world, and that were it not for them, all of them, if even one of them was missing, the world would come to an end. The two Hebrew letters for 36 are the lamed, which is 30, and the vav, which is 6. Therefore, these 36 are referred to as the Lamed-Vav Tzadikim. This widely-held belief, this most unusual Jewish concept is based on a Talmudic statement to the effect that in every generation 36 righteous "greet the Shechinah," the Divine Presence.
36 Righteous people, Talmud, central scripture of mainstream Judaism, Tractate Sanhedrin 97b; Tractate Sukkah 45b

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Job requirements of just judges

Four things belong unto a judge:
- To listen courteously.
- To answer wisely.
- To consider soberly.
- To give judgement impartially.

Xenophon (430-354 BC) Greek politician, historian, soldier, mercenary, merchant, student of Socrates, writer, H. G. Dakyns, translator, recollection of Socratic dialogues, The Memorabilia. Recollections of Socrates, 371 BC

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Prerequisite for social justice: Feeling responsible for the welfare of others

Until the great mass of the people shall be filled with the sense of responsibility for each other's welfare, social justice can never be attained.
Helen Keller (1880-1968) US American deafblind member of the Socialist Party of America, political activist for women's suffrage, labor rights, socialism, lecturer, author, cited in: Goodreads Quotable Quote

It is pleasing to human vanity to believe that one suffers because of one's virtue; but not until a man has extirpated every sickly, bitter, and impure thought from his soul, can he be in a position to know and declare that his sufferings
are the result of his good, and not of his bad qualities; and on the way to, yet long before he has reached that su-
preme perfection, he will have found, working in his mind and life, the great law which is absolutely just, and which
cannot, therefore, give good for evil, evil for good. Possessed of such knowledge, he will then know, looking back
upon his past ignorance and blindness, that his life is, and always was, justly ordered, and that all his past expe-
riences, good and bad, were the equitable outworking of his evolving, yet unevolved self.
James Allen (1864-1912) English genius, pioneer of the self-help movement, inspirational poet, author, As a Man Thinketh, 1902

You think that your silence on certain topics, perhaps in the face of injustice, or unkindness, or mean-spiritedness, causes others to reserve judgement of you. Far otherwise; your silence utters very loud: you have no oracle to speak, no wisdom to offer, and your fellow people have learned that you cannot help them. Doth not wisdom cry, and under-
standing put forth her voice? We would be well to do likewise.
Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803-1882) US American philosopher, Unitarian, lecturer, poet, essayist, cited in: AZ Quotes

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Dependence ⇒ independence ⇒ interdependence

It is as if we had natural stages of
1. dependence as children,
2. independence as young people,
3. interdependence as we grow wiser.

And I think that happens to social justice movements, too. So perhaps we can begin to see the ways that we are,
in fact, not ranked but linked.
Yes, we've been through dependence. Yes, we've been through independence. But now we can hope for interdependence.
Video presentation by Gloria Steinem gloriasteinem.com (*1934) leading US American feminist of the new women's movement, visionary and political activist, journalist, writer, An Evening with Gloria Steinem – Prevailing barriers to equality, sponsored by Vassar Chapel, Poughkeepsie, New York, 19. September 2012, YouTube film, minute 13:03 and 43:52, 44:51 minutes duration, posted 28. September 2012

The arc of the moral universe is long but it bends towards justice.
Reverend Martin Luther King, Jr. (1929-1968) US American Baptist minister, activist, leader in the African American civil rights movement, Baccalaureate sermon at the commencement exercises for Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut, 1964

Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere. We are caught in an inescapable network of mutuality, tied
in a single garment of destiny. Whatever affects one directly, affects all indirectly. He who passively accepts evil is as much involved in it as he who helps to perpetrate it. He who accepts evil without protesting against it is really coope-
rating with it. Address by Reverend Martin Luther King, Jr. (1929-1968) US American Baptist minister, activist, leader in the
African American civil rights movement, Nobel Peace Prize laureate, 1964, "The Rising Tide of Racial Consciousness," Address
at the Golden Anniversary Conference of the National Urban League, presented by the Stanford Research and Education Institute,
New York, 6. September 1960

One has not only a legal, but a moral responsibility to obey just laws. Conversely, one has a moral responsibility to disobey unjust laws. I would agree with St. Augustine that "an unjust law is no law at all."
Reverend Martin Luther King, Jr. (1929-1968) US American Baptist minister, activist, leader in the African American civil rights movement, Letter from Birmingham Jail Letter_Birmingham.html, 16. April 1963

Philanthropy is commendable, but it must not cause the philanthropist to overlook the circumstances of economic injustice which make philanthropy necessary. Rev. Martin Luther King, Jr. (1929-1968) US American Baptist minister, activist, leader of the African American civil rights movement, Nobel Peace Prize laureate, 1964, cited in: Goodreads Quotable Quote

Power at its best is love implementing the demands of justice. Justice at its best is love correcting everything that stands against love. Rev. Martin Luther King, Jr. (1929-1968) US American Baptist minister, activist, leader of the African American civil rights movement, Nobel Peace Prize laureate, 1964, Where Do We Go From Here?, 1967

Socialism for the rich

Whenever the government provides opportunities and privileges for white people and rich people they call it 'subsi-
dies.' When they do it for Negro and poor people they call it 'welfare.' The fact is that everybody in this country lives
on welfare. Suburbia was built with federally subsidized credit. And highways that take our white brothers out to the
suburbs were built with federally subsidized money to the tune of ninety percent. Everybody is on welfare in
this country. The problem is that we all too often have socialism for the rich and rugged free enterprise capitalism
for the poor. That's the problem.
Address by Rev. Martin Luther King, Jr. (1929-1968) US American Baptist minister, activist, leader of the African American civil
rights movement, Nobel Peace Prize laureate, 1964, delivered to a group of fellow clergy To Minister to the Valley, Miami, Florida,
late 1967 or 1968

To accept passively an unjust system is to cooperate with that system; thereby the oppressed become as evil as
the oppressor. Noncooperation with evil is as much a moral obligation as is cooperation with good.
Address by Rev. Martin Luther King, Jr. (1929-1968) US American Baptist minister, activist, leader of the African American civil
rights movement, Nobel Peace Prize laureate, 1964, Stride Toward Freedom, 1959

He who passively accepts evil is as much involved in it as he who helps to perpetrate it. He who accepts evil without protesting against it is really cooperating with it.
Rev. Martin Luther King, Jr. (1929-1968) US American Baptist minister, activist, leader of the African American civil rights move-
ment, Nobel Peace Prize laureate, 1964, Stride Toward Freedom. The Montgomery Story, Harper & Brothers, 1958, Profile
Books, 17. January 2011; cited in: Goodreads Quotable Quote

Young Minerva on a marble throne; sword to chastise the guilty,
palm branch to reward the meritorious, manufactured in Venice, Italy, 1896
Artist of this mosaic: Frederick Dielman (1847-1935)

It will be of little avail to the people that the laws are made by men of their own choice, if the laws be so voluminous that they cannot be read, or so incoherent that they cannot be understood; if they be repealed or revised before they are promulgated, or undergo such incessant changes that no man who knows what the law is today can guess what is will be tomorrow.
James Madison [Father of the Constitution; US Founding Father] (1751-1836) US American chief architect and author of the United States Bill of Rights, fourth US president (1809-1817), James Madison on the mischievous effects of mutable government in "The Fede-
ralist" No. 62, The Senate, independent journal, 27. February 1788

The French revolutionary slogan "Liberty, Equality, Fraternity" overlooks the sine qua non of social harmony: dignity. A persistent lack of dignity breeds indignation. […] Rankism is the residue of predation. Humanity's next step is to build dignitarian societies by overcoming ran-
kism. Knowing that the moral arc of history bends toward justice gives reason to hope that the religious intuition of universal dignity is achievable.
If science and religion cooperate to uphold and extend dig-
nity, and left and right remove the inequities that thwart fair competition, we can build a global society that's as close to heaven as we have need for, and realize the brotherhood of man not merely in our dreams, but here on Earth, not in the indefinite future, but before this century is out.
Blog article by Robert Fuller, Ph.D., US American physicist, president of Oberlin College, rankism and dignity researcher, author, The Brotherhood of Man and the Politics of Dignity, presented by the US American liberal-oriented online newspaper Huffington Post, 31. May 2013, updated 6. December 2017

[P]hilanthropy combines genuine pity with the display of power and that the latter element explains why the powerful are more inclined to be generous than to grant social justice.
Reinhold Niebuhr (1892-1971) US American professor of theology, Union Theological Seminary, ethicist, public intellectual, commentator on politics and public affairs, Moral Man and Immoral Society. A Study in Ethics and Politics, Charles Scribner's Sons, 1932, S. 235, Westminster John Knox Press, 2002, 2nd edition 18. January 2013

Love and tenderness are the best and more real kinds of justice. Justice without love is not justice, and love without justice is neither authentic love.
⚡ Mother Teresa of Calcutta (1910-1997) Albanian-born Indian Catholic nun, saint, missionary, humanitarian, founder of the Order of the Missionaries of Charity, Nobel Peace Prize laureate, 1979, cited in: removed article Saint Mother Teresa – Works of Mercy or Social Charity? (2), presented by the publication O Clarim, Fausto Gomez OP, 4. August 2017

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Women's rights

The suppression of women's rights began with the suppression of women's rites. Merlin Stone (1931-2011) US American professor of art and art history, sculptor, author,
The Paradise Papers. Suppression of Women's Rites, Virago Press, November 1979

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"Civil disobedience

Disobedience is the first step toward developing real consciousness.
Erich Fromm (1900-1980) German US American social psychologist, psychoanalyst, sociologist, humanistic philosopher, author, On Disobedience and Other Essays,
Harper & Row, 1981

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Passion-free law

The law is reason unaffected by desire.
Variant: The Law is reason free from passion.

Aristotle (384-322 BC) classical Greek pre-Christian philosopher, physician, scientist, misogynist, Nicomachean Ethics, book III, 1287.a32, 1566

Poverty is the parent of revolution and crime. Aristotle (384-322 BC) classical Greek pre-Christian philosopher, physician, scientist, misogynist, Benjamin Jowett, translator, Politics, book 2, part IV, 350 BC

Overcoming poverty is not a gesture of charity. It is an act of justice. It is the protection of a fundamental human right, the right to dignity and a decent life. Like slavery and apartheid, poverty is not natural. It is man-made and it can be overcome and eradicated by the actions of human beings. Sometimes it falls on a generation to be great. YOU can be that great generation. Let your greatness blossom. Poverty speech by Nelson Mandela (1918-2013) leading South African anti-apartheid activist, prisoner for 27 years during apartheid, first black president of South Africa (1994-1999), "Make Poverty History" Speech in Trafalgar Square, addressing over 20,000 people, Trafalgar Square, London, 3. February 2005

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"Civil disobedience ⇔ civil obedience

Civil disobedience is not our problem. ... Our problem is civil obedience. Our problem is that people all over the world have obeyed the dictates of leaders […] and millions have been killed because of this obedience. […] Our problem is that people are obedient all over the world in the face of poverty and starvation and stupidity, and war, and cruelty. Our problem is that people are obedient while the jails are full of petty thieves […] (and) the grand thieves are running the country. That's our problem.
Howard Zinn, Ph.D. (1922-2010) US American professor of political science, Boston University (1964-1988), progressive historian, social activist, playwright, author, Failure to Quit. Reflections of an Optimistic Historian, S. 45, South End Press, 1. September 2002

Why do the Christian nations, which were so weak in the past compared with Muslim nations begin to dominate so many lands in modern times and even defeat the once victorious Ottoman armies? […]
Because they have laws and rules invented by reason.
Ibrahim Muteferrika (1674-1745) Transylvanian-born Ottoman diplomat, polymath, historian, historiographer, Islamic scholar and theologian, sociologist, economist, courtier, astronomer, printer, publisher, man of letters, Rational Basis for the Politics of Nations, 1731

Due to imprisonment 34% of the black male population in Alabama, United States, has lost the right to vote.

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Racial imbalance:

A third of the black male population in the United States has been incarcerated once in their lifetime.
1 out of 9 people put on Death Row was found not guilty, exonerated and released.

We have a system of justice in this country that treats you much better if you're rich and guilty than if you're poor and innocent. Wealth not culpability shapes outcomes. [...]
The opposite [antidote] of poverty is not wealth. […] In too many places, the opposite [antidote] of poverty is justice. […] We will ultimately be jugded by […] how we treat the poor, the condemned, the incarcerated. Video presentation by Bryan Stevenson (*1959) US American human rights lawyer, founder and executive director of the Equal Justice Initiative, fighting poverty and racial discrimination in the criminal justice system, We need to talk about an injustice, presented by TED Talks 2012, minutes 6:44 and 16:21, 23:41 minutes duration, filmed March 2012, posted March 2012

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Fairness study on altruism, empathy and ethics of chimpanzees, dogs, and elephants

Empathy is expressed via
a) the body channel: as the ability to understand and share the feelings of another and
b) the cognitive channel: as the ability to take the perspective of another.

What is morality based on? These are the two factors that always come out:
1. One is reciprocity, […] a sense of fairness,
2. and the other one is empathy and compassion.

Video presentation by Frans de Waal, Ph.D. (*1948) Dutch US American Candler professor of psychology and primate behavior, director of Living Links, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, biologist, ethologist, speaker, author, Moral behavior in animals, presented by TEDx Peachtree Talks, minute 3:10,
16:52 minutes duration, filmed November 2011, posted April 2012

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Engaged ⇔ enraged

Trias of public, CEOs and government

The unit of community is the engaged citizen, not the egocentric citizen. The central atom of the molecule of social justice is the engaged, not the enraged, citizen. I believe that.
[Paraphrased] The key to a more just society in the future resides in a three-way conversation between the public, CEOs and government.
Jeffrey Swartz (*1960) US American businessman, philanthropist, president and CEO of Timberland Company (1998-2011), pioneer in social responsiblity, cited in: Meet the Jewish billionaire who studies Torah every morning, presented by the Israelian newspaper Hareetz Israel News, Asher Schechter, 16. March 2012

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"Fair play" is undermined in patriarchy.

The rules of fair play do not apply in love, war – and business.
Philip Delve Broughton, Bangladeshi journalist, author, Ahead of the Curve. Two Years at Harvard Business School, Penguin Books, New York, 2008, reprint edition 30. June 2009

Justice and truth must be spoken in times of ghastly in-justice, violence, and betrayal. Indeed, justice must be tempered with mercy, but often it is harsh and not what the ego or rational mind would prefer to experience, especially
if one is wedded to a spirituality that routinely sidesteps the messiness of life.
Blog article The Global Implications Of The Marc Gafni Scandal, presented by the US American liberal-oriented online newspaper Huffington Post, Carolyn Baker, Ph.D., US American life coach, radio host, author, 2. February 2016

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Divine justice – theodicy

Attempts to answer or ponder whether a just and loving God, who created us, can be all-powerful and all-knowing yet permit terrifying evil and painful suffering. Or, when posed from the human perspective concerning divine justice, we ask, "Why do bad things happen to good people, who know, love, and serve God?" The book of Job wrestles with these questions about divine justice. A "theodicy" consists of attempted answers or explanations, by prophets, priests, and sages, for troublesome questions about divine justice. Anup Shah, British bioinformatician, computer scientist, photographer, editor, Asian Earthquake and Tsunami Disaster, presented by the publication Global Issues, 5. January 2005

Social justice: social justice ⇔ legal justice – inequality gap: rich ⇔ poor

Social status and respect matter beyond anything, and the psychological damage done by being at the bottom is crippling. […] [S]ocial environment may matter almost as much as asbestos.
Homicide rates (and other crimes) track a country's level of inequality, not its overall wealth. […]

[S]ocial environment can be more toxic than any pollutant. Low status and lack of control over one's life is a destroyer of human health and happiness. The wealth gap causes few to vote or participate in anything in a world of fear, conflict and hostility.

The fairest countries have the highest levels of trust and social capital. The American states that have the more equal income distribution also have most social trust:

New Hampshire, the most equal, is least likely to agree that "most people would try to take advantage of you if they got the chance". Richard Wilkinson, Ph.D. (*1943) British professor emeritus of social epidemiology, University of Nottingham, economy historian, researcher of inequality data in health and social determinants, The Impact of Inequality. How to Make Sick Societies Healthier, New Press, 1st edition January 2005, cited in: Inequality kills. What counts is not wealth or poverty, says Polly Toynbee after reading Richard G Wilkinson's 'The Impact of Inequality', but your place on the social ladder, presented by the British daily newspaper The Guardian, Polly Toynbee, 30. July 2005

In a socially just world – as opposed to a legally just world – since we are all pretty much born equally ignorant,
we should have roughly equal chances to live our lives. Video presentation by Van Jones (*1968) US American attorney, environmental advocate, civil rights activist, green jobs advisor in the White House (2009), founder of the "Ella Baker Center for Human Rights", Definition of Social Justice, sponsored by Guilford College, Greensboro, North Carolina, 19. January 2011,
YouTube film, minute 1:04, 1:56 minutes duration, posted 20. January 2011

Social justice is justice exercised within a society, particularly as it is exercised by and among the various social classes of that society. A socially just society is based on the principles of equality and solidarity, understands and values human rights, and recognizes the dignity of every human being. Social justice is based on the concepts of human rights and equality and involves a greater degree of economic egalitarianism through progressive taxation, income redistribution, or even property redistribution. These policies aim to achieve what developmental economists refer to as more equality of opportunity than may currently exist in some societies, and to manufacture equality of outcome in cases where incidental inequalities appear in a procedurally just system.
Social justice entry on en.Wikipedia, status 2011

Law of the land ⇔ Law of the sea

The scheme also provided for the control of the courts via the 1913 creation of the American Bar Association, whose parent organization was the European International Bar Association, which was the creation of Rothschild. This allowed the International Bankers to control the practice of law, in that the only ones permitted to practice before the courts were those who were educated under their brand of law, which was only Admiralty and Contract law. Common law of the people was to be replaced as it gave the natural man many jurisdictional protections from the bankers' legislation.
Melvin Stamper, JD, US American attorney, Fruit from a Poisonous Tree, S. 58, iUniverse, 2008

Nº4. – Fight: Your duty is fight for Law, but if someday you find conflict between Law and Justice, just fight for Justice.
Eduardo J. Couture (1904-1952) Uruguayan jurist specialized in procedural law, The Lawyer Decalogue, Buenos Aires Bar Association. Bulletin Nº 1-2, 1949

The mark of your ignorance is the depth of your belief in injustice and tragedy. What the caterpillar calls the end of the world the master calls a butterfly.
Richard Bach (*1936) US American Navy pilot, writer, Illusions, Laurel Books,
15. May 1981

The "trickle-down" theory: The principle that the poor, who must subsist on table scraps dropped by the rich, can best be served by giving the rich bigger meals.
Attributed to William Blum (1933-2018) Jewish-American historian, critic of United States foreign policy, former State Department computer related employee (mid-1960s-1967), opposed to the Vietnam War, journalist, author, cited in: Goodreads Quotable Quote

Social justice means left wing equality. It is a substitute for the term equality. There is no social justice if there are rich and poor. Rich and poor is definitonally social injustice. […] Justice has no problem with there being rich and poor. Social justice has a problem with there being rich and poor.
Dennis Prager (*1948) US American syndicated conservative radio talk show host and columnist, public speaker, author on Judeo-Christian and American values (E Pluribus Unum, In God We Trust, Liberty), Social Justice, sponsored by David Horowitz Retreat Weekend, Palos Verdes, 1-3 April 2011, YouTube film, minute 1:23, 2:46 minutes duration, posted 26. November 2011

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Theodicy

Justification of God

The term "theodicy" literally means "the justification of God."
Glossary of Theological Terms, compiled by Dr. Terry E. Shoup, dean of the school of engineering, Santa Clara University, September 2000

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Injustice

Terrorists are generally people who feel alienated from society and have a grievance or regard themselves as victims of an injustice.
Rex A. Hudson, US American author, The sociology and psychology of terrorism. Who becomes a terrorist and why?, prepared by the Library of Congress, Federal Research Division, S. 50, PDF, September 1999

Reference: en.Wikiquote entry ► Justice

Your silence is consent.	Plato
He who does not oppose evil, commands it to be done.	Leonardo Da Vinci
None are more hopelessly enslaved than those whofalsely believe they are free.	J.W. von Goethe
All tyranny needs to gain a foothold is for people of good conscience to remain silent.	Thomas Jefferson
The world is a dangerous place, not because of those who do evil, but because of those who look on and do nothing.	Albert Einstein
The first step in the evolution of ethics is a sense of solidarity with other human beings.	Albert Schweitzer
If you are neutral in situations of injustice, you have chosen the side of the oppressor.	Desmond Tutu
Our lives begin to end the day we become silent about things that matter.	Martin·Luther·King·Jr
In the end, we will remember not the words of our enemies, but the silence of our friends.	Martin Luther King Jr
First they came for the Socialists, and I did not speak out for I was not a socialist. Then they came for the Trade Unionists and I did not speak out for I was not a Trade Unionist. Then they came for the Jews, and I did not speak out for I was not a not a Jew. Then they came for me and there was no one left to speak for me.	Martin Niemöller
There are times when silence becomes an accomplice to injustice.	Ayaan Hirsi Ali
Standing up to bullies is the hallmark of a civilized society.	Robert Reich
There may be times when we are powerless to prevent injustice, but there must never be a time when we fail to protest it.	Elie Wiesel
What you allow, you encourage.	Carrie Heinze-Musgrove
Silence in the face of injustice is complicity with the oppressor.	Ginetta Sagan
Every social injustice is not only cruel, but it is economic waste.	William Feather
One does not have to operate with great malice to do great harm. The absence of empathy and absence of understanding are sufficient.	Charles M. Blow
The more you answer the injustice of others, the more you heal your own soul.	Julia Post
If you are silent about your pain, they’ll kill you and say you enjoyed it.	Zora Neale Hurston
I have come to believe that the one thing people cannot bear is a sense of injustice. Poverty, cold, even hunger, are more bearable than injustice.	Milicent Fenwick
The glaring injustice is there for all who are not blinded by prejudice, to see.	Bram Fischer
Real love cannot be silent in the face of injustice.	Mel White
As you grow older, you will discover that you have two hands, one for helping yourself, and one for helping others.	Audrey Hepburn
I always wondered why somebody doesn’t do something about that. Then I realized I was somebody.	Lily Tomlin
Do not tolerate brilliant jerks, the cost to teamwork is too high.	Reed Hastings
What does it mean to hold space for someone else? It means that we are willing to walk alongside another person in whatever journey they're on without judging them, making them feel inadequate, trying to fix them, or trying to impact the outcome. When we hold space for other people, we open our hearts, offer unconditional support, and let go of judgment and control.	Heather Plett
It takes a village to raise a child, and it also takes a village to allow the abuse of one.	African proverb
Softest on the people who need discipline, hardest on people who need compassion.	Unknown
Whether you give a man a fish or teach him how to fish, your job hasn't changed. Your job is fish. It is not to make value judgments about whether the person is deserving of fish. It is not to criticize the person for not knowing how to fish already. And it is certainly not your job to stand around and debate the relative efficacy of fish charity vs. fish education while the person in front of you goes hungry. This person is your fellow human. Your job is fish.	Unknown

Literary quotes

But there is one way in this country in which all men are created equal – there is one human institution that makes a pauper the equal of a Rockefeller, the stupid man the equal of an Einstein, and the ignorant man the equal of any college president. That institution, gentlemen, is a court. It can be the Supreme Court of the United States or the humblest J.P. court in the land, or this honourable court which you serve. Our courts have their faults, as does any human institution, but in this country our courts are the great levellers, and in our courts all men are created equal. Harper Lee (1926-2016) US American author, To Kill a Mockingbird, part 2, chapter 20, J. B. Lippincott & Company, 1960

Poem

The rules break like a thermometer,
quicksilver spills across the charted systems,
we're out in a country that has no language
no laws, we’re chasing the raven and the wren
through gorges unexplored since dawn
whatever we do together is pure invention […]
Adrienne Rich (1929-2012) US American visiting professor of creative writing, feminist, poet, essayist,
Twenty One Love Poems, 1985

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Quotes by David R. Hawkins

⚠ Caveat See Power vs. Truth, January 2013

Justice as in "eye for an eye" (OT) calibrates at LoC 375. Dr. David R. Hawkins, source unknown

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Contrasting pairs of emotions, feeling states, and attitudes on the issue of justice In alphabetical order

Positive (strong) response (above 200) – Negative (weak) response (below 200)

Candid – Calculating
Civil – Formal
Concerned – Judgmental
Ethical – Equivocal
Fair – Scrupulous
Honest – Legal
Impartial – [Self]Righteous
Just – Punitive
Principled – Expedient
Responsible – Guilty
Tolerant – Prejudiced
Virtuous – Celebrated

Dr. David R. Hawkins, Power vs. Force. The Hidden Determinants of Human Behavior, chapter 9 "Power Patterns in Human Attitudes", S. 146-147, Hay House, February 2002

It is very immature to expect others to live up to one’s own standards or ideals. Let us not overlook that
- the majority of people have no reason other than to ‘take what they can get’. Seventy-eight percent of the people on the planet calibrate below the level of Integrity at 200.
- They are not committed to spiritual truth [LoC 500], which to them is fiction or idealistic nonsense.
- Fairness, consideration, honesty, and ethics do not prevail at consciousness levels below 200. When they do, it is the exception rather than the rule.

Dr. David R. Hawkins, The Eye of the I From Which Nothing is Hidden, S. 267, 2001

Accept that the concept of ‘the fear of God’ is ignorance. God is peace and love and nothing else. […] Realize that the depiction of God as a 'judge' is a delusion of the ego that arises as a projection of guilt from the punishment in child-
hood. Realize that God is not a parent. Dr. David R. Hawkins, I. Reality and Subjectivity, chapter 6, S. 108, item 4, 2003

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Weighing of the scales of justice and salvation

On a higher level of consciousness, this drama of the weighing of the scales of justice includes another element, a representative of Divinity who is the intercessor. The privilege of the Presence of an Intercessor or Savior has been earned by spiritual merit, and the intercessor presents the option of accepting God's Grace and Mercy by turning completely to God. Without the presence of the intercessor or Savior, the soul, in its consternation, would not even remember or realize that such an option is always present. The Savior is thus indeed a spiritual Reality at the Gateway to Salvation. Dr. David R. Hawkins, I. Reality and Subjectivity, ~S. 331, 2003

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Tenet and lifestyle of criminality

Criminality is an established recidivist lifestyle for which no effective therapeutic endeavor has thus far been found. The basic personality is unchanged, and, with experience, the perpetrator does not change the behaviors but becomes more clever in learning how to escape detection.
To a person with normal psychological makeup, a prison sentence is frightening. The culture is foreign and brings up guilt, fear, and aversion to the prior behaviors. These responses are totally lacking in the psychopathic personality to whom prison life is a very familiar culture; the individual is merely removed from the streets to another location and continues uninterruptedly. The basic tenets and lifestyle of criminality are actually the internal rules of conduct within any prison’s population and are attenuated in their expression merely by the threat of the prison administration.
Dr. David R. Hawkins, Truth vs. Falsehood. How to Tell the Difference, chapter 11 "The Downside of Society", S. 193, 2005

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Group karma

Inclusion in what seems to be negative karmic consequences occurs as a result of prior concurrence and/or participation. Thus, the cheers at the death of a gladiator are karmically significant as is taking grim satisfaction from pain and suffering or the death of others. To cheer on the implementation of the guillotine is to join with its karmic consequences. To take justice into one's own hands is done at karmic risk for "Justice is mine, sayeth the Lord." Faith that Divinity guarantees absolute justice is difficult to accept in a world of seeming injustices. It is better to trust in the absolute justice of God and "judge not, lest ye be judged." for it is well to remember that "Let he who is without sin cast the
first stone." Dr. David R. Hawkins, Transcending Levels of Consciousness. The Stairway to Enlightenment, S. 39-40, 2006

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Divine justice:

Karma – a means of balancing

By consciousness calibration research, it is demonstrable that every thought, action, word, or deed is recorded forever, beyond time, in an infinite field of consciousness for eternity. It is affirmed by consciousness research that everyone is accountable to the universe (Divinity) by virtue of Divine justice. […] Life is neither accidental nor arbitrary, nor is it based on anarchy. The stratified levels of consciousness are influential by virtue of their prevailing, powerful 'attractor fields' whereby like goes to like by attraction and alignment.
Dr. David R. Hawkins, Discovery of the Presence of God. Devotional Nonduality, S. 159, 2007

Erhart Falckener's "Justice Spiral", decorated panel of
late gothic pew in St. Valentin, Kiedrich, Germany, 1510

The first big trap for spiritual evolution is right and wrong, and the idea of fairness. This is kindergarten. In kindergarten, on the playground, they talk about "this is fair, that is fair." Sometimes I see something on television that is absolutely absurd. There is a woman whose three children have been killed in an automobile accident or a bus crash, and this woman appears on television and sobs, getting into all kinds of self-pity, and says, "It's not fair." Not fair! It is so absurd to say, under the circumstances, that it is "not fair". Interview with Dr. David R. Hawkins, Dialogues on Consciousness and Spirituality, transcript on "Advanced States of Consciousness", spiral-bound, Veritas Publishing, Sedona, Arizona, 1. January 1998 Removed from Veritas Publishing's sale offer mid 2013

God is infinitely merciful as you surrender you trust in the mercy. Trust in the mercifulness of God rather than the projection of fear. You pay for negative karmic actions because justice is intrinsic to the design of the universe. It is designed in such a way that you set up a karmic debt that has to be paid and God doesn't have anything to do with it. The justice of God and the universe is absolute. Every hair on your head is counted – not because God is an old crank, but everything you do lay down a karmic track and that is what you are answerable for. God forgives you for that, but He lets you live it through because he knows what will come out of it – strength. Therefore, I own the divinity within myself. Dr. David R. Hawkins, Sedona Satsang Q&A, 2 CD set, 10. January 2007

The first thing to develop a peaceful nature is to give up and let go of wanting to change and control other people. […] You can let go wanting to get even if you understand Divine Justice. […] All things have their own karmic pay-off and you don't have to do anything. It's not necessary to bring down your enemies because they will bring themselves down by their own hand. [...] The minute you get even with them or conquer them you now have the karma of that.
Video presentation by Dr. David R. Hawkins, Prescott Seminar Peace, lecture 3, 3 DVD set, 8. August 2009 – Let go of wanting to change other people, YouTube film, minute 0:17 and 1:49, 2:57 minutes duration, 22. December 2020

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Englische Texte – English section on Justice and social justice

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Definition and history of the social justice movement

Social justice generally refers to the idea of creating a society or institution that is based on the principles of equa-
lity and solidarity, that understands and values human rights, and that recognizes the dignity of every human being.
The term and modern concept of "social justice" was coined by the Jesuit Luigi Taparelli in 1840 based on the
teachings of St. Thomas Aquinas and given further exposure in 1848 by Antonio Rosmini-Serbati. The idea
was elaborated by the moral theologian John A. Ryan, who initiated the concept of a living wage. Father Coughlin also used the term in his publications in the 1930s and the 1940s. It is a part of Catholic social teaching, Social Gospel from Episcopalians and is one of the Four Pillars of the Green Party upheld by green parties worldwide.
Social justice as a secular concept, distinct from religious teachings, emerged mainly in the late twentieth century, influenced primarily by philosopher John Rawls. Some tenets of social justice have been adopted by those on
the left of the political spectrum.
According to Dr. Kent Van Til, the view that wealth has been taken from the poor by the rich implies that the redistribution of that wealth is more a matter of restitution than of theft.
Source: ► en.Wikipedia entry Christian views on poverty and wealth – Social justice [status 2013]

Brief history of "social justice"

Date	Personality Catholic·/· Secular	Time frame	Social contribution	Literature
1759-1776	Adam Smith Scottish-American social and moral philosopher	1723-1790	Pioneer developer of the classical political economics	*The Wealth of Nations*, 1776
1840	Luigi Taparelli Italian Catholic Jesuit	1793-1862	Developer of the term and modern concept of "social justice"	Based on the teachings of Italian church father St. Thomas Aquinas (1225-1274)
1848 1849	Antonio Rosmini-Serbati Italian Roman Catholic priest, philosopher	1797-1855	Author further delving into the topic	Indexed volume *The Constitution of Social Justice*, 1849
1906	John A. Ryan American Catholic professor of moral theology	1869-1945	Social justice advocate, initiator of the concept of a living wage (minimum income)	Doctoral dissertation *A Living Wage*, 1906
1930s/ 1940s	Father Coughlin Canadian-American Catholic priest	1891-1979	Publicist on social justice, host a radio show on the topic, calling for monetary reforms, founder of National Union for Social Justice, 1934, silenced by Vatican, US bishops and FDR, US government
1971 Late 20th century	John Rawls American political philosopher	1921-2002	Developer of the secular concept of social justice, distinct from religious teachings	*A Theory of Justice*, 1971
2006s	Riane Eisler Austrian-American macrohistorian, social scientist	*~1937	Caring Economics	*The Real Wealth of Nations. Creating a Caring Economics*, 2007
2010	Richard Barrett British leadership researcher	*1945	Conscious Capitalism	*Love, Fear and the Destiny of Nations. The Impact of the Evolution of Human Consciousness on World Affairs*, Fulfilling Books, 4. May 2012

See also: ► Richard Barrett and ► Incomplete timetable of paradigmal shifts

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Eight statistically confirmed laws of social change

The important reform movements in the United States of America show a strong imprint of Quaker participation.
⚑ Abolition [*]
⚑ Public education [*]
⚑ Penal reform [*]
⚑ Women's suffrage [*] [Susan B. Anthony, Lucretia Mott, Elizabeth Fry, Jane Addams, Alice Paul, Bayard Rustin]
⚑ Civil rights [*]
⚑ Environmental protection [*]
⚑ Nuclear freeze.
[*] The Quakers (Society of Friends) comprise only 0.0008% of the US population.
Still, they were essentially involved in a series of substantial social changes.

Differentiating force from essence

Change wrought by violence (force) ⇔ lasting transformation wrought by nonviolent "beingness"

༺· Social change requires wisdom, character, patience, and the willingness to forego any personal credit. ·༻
Social justice movements take a span of 4-5 generations (80-100 years) until they reach fruition.
These eight laws of social change were successfully practiced by the Quakers.³

Transformational principles	Legend
Prerequisite individual choices	Become aware you are making a choice. Choose the compassionate and life-affirming option as you understand it in the moment.

First law	The individuals (individually) and the group (collectively) must share a common intention.
Second law	The individuals and the group may have goals, but they may not reap cherished potential outcomes.
Third law	The individuals in the group must authentically accept that their goal may not be reached during their lifetimes and be OK with this.
Fourth law	The individuals in the group must authentically accept that they may not reap either credit or acknowledgment for what they have done and be OK with that.
Fifth law	Each person in the group regardless of gender, religion, race, or culture must enjoy fundamental equality [ dignity ] while the various roles in the hierarchy of the effort must be respected.
Sixth law	The individuals in the group must forswear violence in word, act or thought.
Seventh law	The individuals [leaders] in the group must make their private selves and personal lives consistent with their public postures.
Eighth law	The individuals (individually) in the group and the group (collectively) must always act from the beingness of life-affirming integrity.

Written sources featuring Stephan A. Schwartz, Ph.D., US American futurologist, senior fellow for Brain, Mind and Healing,
Samueli Institute, cognitive sciences research associate, Laboratories for Fundamental Research, author
► PDF presentation THE POWER – The Eight Laws of Social Change, PDF, 2007
► Book The 8 Laws of Change: How to Be an Agent of Personal and Social Transformation, Park Street Press, paperback, 5. October 2015

Media sources featuring Stephan A. Schwartz, Ph.D., US American futurologist, remote viewing future researcher, senior fellow for Brain, Mind and Healing, Samueli Institute, cognitive sciences research associate, Laboratories for Fundamental Research, author
► Audio interview The Eight Laws of Social Change, presented via the broadcaster Blogtalkradio, radio show Paranormal Perceptions,
host Dee Disparti, aired 17. January 2008
► Video presentation Eight Laws of Change, presented by TEDxVail, Beaver Creek, Colorado, YouTube film, 12:27 minutes duration,
recorded 8. January 2016, posted 25. January 2016
► Video presentation The 8 Laws of Change with Stephan A. Schwartz, presented by GlideWing Workshops, YouTube film,
50:03 minutes duration, posted 28. January 2017

Sources featuring Susan Sachs Goldman, US American historian, trustee at The Historical Society of Washington, D.C.,
speaker on Quaker social reforms, author
► Book Friends in Deed. The Story of Quaker Social Reform in America, Highmark Press, 8. May 2012
► Audio interview The Quakers, Forging America's Identity, presented by the US American web radio station New Dimensions,
host Justine Willis-Toms, 57:00 minutes duration, posted 29. May 2013

See also:
► Two opposed American dreams – Charles Moore
► Transmissions of the nonviolence meme
► Transformation ► Violence ► Force ► Essence ► Dignity ► Respect ► Culture ► Equality ► Choice ► Compassion
► Intention ► Authenticy ► Gender research ► Conflict ► Language ► Thoughts ► Being ► Integrity

Siehe auch: ► Gesellschaftlicher Wandel

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Links zum Thema Recht und Gerechtigkeit / Law and justice

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Literatur

Christian Felber (*1972) österreichischer Initiator des Projekts "Demokratische Bank", Gründungsmitglied von Attac Österreich, Initiator des Projekts Bank für Gemeinwohl und der Gemeinwohl-Ökonomie, Referent zu Wirtschafts- und Gesellschaftsfragen, Autor, 50 Vorschläge für eine gerechtere Welt. Gegen Konzernmacht und Kapitalismus, Paul Zsolnay, Taschenbuch
28. August 2006, Deuticke Verlag, 1. Mai 2015
Matthias Pauqué (*1973) deutscher rechtlicher Betreuer, Politiker, Kleinunternehmer, Erfinder, Autor, Dr. Thomas Hoffmann, deutscher Mathematiker, Physiker, Mitautor, Steuerrecht ungültig? Gibt es wirklich eine Steuerpflicht?, J. White,
24. Juni 2016

Über 81% der Steuereinnahmen fließen an die Banken, die nicht dem Gemeinwohl dienen. Siehe auch: Buch von Matthias Pauqué, Dr. Thomas Hoffmann, Steuerrecht ungültig? Der Ratgeber für den bewussten und mündigen Umgang mit den Finanzbehörden und dem (illegalen) Steuersystem.

Thorsten Schleif (*1980) deutscher Amtsrichter, Sachbuch und Romanautor, Urteil: ungerecht. Ein Richter deckt auf, warum unsere Justiz versagt, riva-Verlag, München, 2019
- Rezension Richter wirft deutscher Justiz Arroganz und Versagen vor, Zeit Online, 24. Oktober 2019
Ralph Knispel (*1960) deutscher Oberstaatsanwalt, Autor, Heike Gronemeier, Rechtsstaat am Ende. Ein Oberstaatsanwalt schlägt Alarm, Ullstein, 3. Auflage 1. März 2021

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Literature (engl.)

Richard Wilkinson, Ph.D. (*1943) British professor emeritus of social epidemiology, University of Nottingham, economy historian, researcher of inequality data in health and social determinants, The Impact of Inequality. How to Make Sick Societies Healthier, New Press, 1st edition January 2005
Catherine Crier (*1954) US American Emmy, du-Pont-Columbia, and Gracie Allen Award-winning journalist, CNN newscast co-anchor, youngest state judge to ever be elected in Texas, author, Contempt. How the Right Is Wronging American Justice, Rugged Land, 13. September 2005
Howard Zinn, Ph.D. (1922-2010) US American professor of political science, Boston University (1964-1988), progressive historian, social activist, playwright, author, A Power Governments Cannot Suppress, City Lights Publishers, 1. December 2006
Rupert Ross, retired Canadian crown prosecutor working with First Nations in remote northwestern Ontario, author, Returning to the Teachings. Exploring Aboriginal Justice, Penguin Global, reissued edition 4. March 2009

Peacemaker justice courts of native Canadian tribes

Richard Susskind, OBE (*1961) British professor of law, University of Oxford, independent adviser to international professional firms and national governments, speaker, author, The End of Lawyers? Rethinking the nature of legal services, Oxford University Press, 2008, revised edition 17. September 2010
Matt Taibbi (*1970) US American journalist, author, Molly Crabapple (*1983) US American artist, entrepreneur, author, The Divide. American Injustice in the Age of the Wealth Gap, Spiegel & Grau, 1st edition 8. April 2014

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Externe Weblinks

Wikipedia-Einträge Gerechtigkeit, 36 Gerechte Legende der mystischen jüdischen Mythologie (aus dem babylonischen Talmud): Es müssen stets sechsunddreißig Gerechte auf der Erde leben, um derentwillen Gott die sündhafte irdische Welt nicht untergehen lässt. Sobald einer der 36 Gerechten stirbt, wird ein weiterer Gerechter geboren. Siehe auch: Genesis 18, 26 (AT), Rule of law Regieren auf der Basis von Gesetzen, Recht hat absoluten Vorrang für hoheitliches Handeln vor anderen Maßstäben oder Begründungen, Gerechtigkeitsforschung
Radbruchsche Formel 1946 formulierte These des deutschen Rechtsphilosophen Gustav Radbruch (1878-1949) Bei einem Konflikt zwischen dem positiven (gesetzten) Recht und der Gerechtigkeit kann ein Richter immer dann – und nur dann – gegen das Gesetz und stattdessen für nachhaltige Gerechtigkeit entscheiden.
Persönlichkeiten Gustav Radbruch (1878-1949)

Aufsatz von Norbert Schlepp, deutscher Richter, Dominik Storr, Die Abhängigkeit unserer Justiz, PDF, präsentiert von Mehr Demokratie – Zeitschrift für direkte Demokratie, Heft Nr. 77, 1/0, 9. Februar 2009

Bundesrepublik = Verwaltung der Alliierten = Verwaltung als eingetragene Gemeinschaft mit beschränkter Haftung HRB 51411 = Kein souveräner Staat = Weisungsgebunden
Gerichte, Polizei, Finanzämter, Städte sind keine Ämter, die mit hoheitlichen Rechten ausgestattet sind, sondern allesamt eingetragene Firmen. Siehe Webseite Unique Partner Identification Key (UPIK)! Sie unterstehen der Verwaltung der BRiD oder BRvD und sind weisungsgebunden. Richter, Staatsanwälte, Verwaltungsangestellte sind keine Beamten, sondern Beschäftigte, Bedienstete der jeweiligen Firma.

Hannelore Vonier rette-sich-wer-kann deutsche feministische Kulturkritikerin, Freigeistin, Bloggerin zu matriarchal lebenden Ethnien, Autorin, Freigeist, präsentiert von dem Blogspot "Rette sich, wer kann!", März 2012
- Ist die Goldene Regel noch zeitgemäß? War sie jemals human?, Teil 1/2
- Die Goldene Regel – reine Theorie, Teil 2/2

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External web links (engl.)

Wikipedia entries 36 Righteous people Mystical Jewish tradition (sourced in the Talmud); Whenever one of the 36 righteous individual die another one will be born to substitute him. See: The LORD said, "If at Sodom I find 50 righteous people in the city, I will spare the whole place for their sake." Genesis 18, 26 (OT), Justice, Model Penal Code (MPC) (*1962)⁴, Radbruch formula theory of law which was first formulated in a 1946 essay by the German law professor and politician Gustav Radbruch in 1946, Rule of law
Personalities Gustav Radbruch (1878-1949)

Article What Justice Truly Means – Judging Properly with the 13 Symbols of Lady Justice, presented by the podcast channel Chasing Gods, founder and narrator Sandra Ngo-Trong, 5. June 2020
Article Evolution of Fairness Driven by Culture, Not Genes, presented by the US American magazine Wired, Science, Brandon Keim, 18. March 2010

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Audio- und Videolinks

Video Fernsehinterview mit Dr. Martha Nussbaum (*1947) US-amerikanische Professorin für Philosophie, vergleichende Literaturwissenschaften, Altphilologie, Rechtswissenschaften und Ethik, Universität von Chicago, Aristotelikerin, Feministin, Tierrechtlerin, Autorin, Gerechtigkeit braucht Liebe, präsentiert von dem ersten Fernsehprogramm des Schweizer Radio und Fernsehens (SRF) SRF 1 und dem deutschsprachigen Fernsehsender 3Sat, wöchentliche Diskussionsrunde Sternstunde Philosophie, Gastgeberin Barbara Bleisch, Sendetermin 19. Juli 2015, YouTube Film, 57:41 Minuten Dauer, eingestellt
21. Juli 2015
Video Fernsehinterview mit Autorenpaar Matthias Pauqué (*1973) deutscher rechtlicher Betreuer, Politiker, Kleinunternehmer, Erfinder, Dr. Thomas Hoffmann, deutscher Mathematiker, Physiker, Ungültiges Steuerrecht?, präsentiert von dem deutschen Fernsehbildungskanal Bewusst.TV, Gastgeberin Dagmar Neubronner (*1959) deutsche Diplombiologin, Bindungsforschungs-
assistentin, Verlegerin, Übersetzerin, Fernsehmoderatorin, 41:44 Minuten Dauer, aufgezeichnet und eingestellt 25. September 2016

Über 81% der Steuereinnahmen fließen an die Banken, die nicht dem Gemeinwohl dienen. Siehe auch: ► Steuerrecht ungültig?
Der Ratgeber für den bewussten und mündigen Umgang mit den Finanzbehörden und dem (illegalen) Steuersystem.

Video Konferenzvortrag von Prof. Karl Albrecht Schachtschneider (*1940) deutscher Staatsrechtslehrer, Professor für Öffent-
liches Recht, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erinnerung ans Recht – Prof. Dr. iur. Karl Albrecht Schachtschneider, veranstaltet von der online Plattform Wissensmanufaktur, YouTube Film, 1:07:52 Dauer, eingestellt 18. Februar 2019

Deutschland ist kein Rechtsstaat aus. Der Verfall der Rechtlichkeit der Politik hat sich beschleunigt. Das liegt im Wesentlichen an der Integration Deutschlands in die Europäische Union, aber auch an dem Internationalismus der vermeintlich postnationalen Ordnung der Welt.

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Audio and video links (engl.)

Video presentation by Michael J. Sandel, Ph.D. (*1953) US American political philosopher, What's the right thing to do? The moral side of murder, episode 01, presented by WGBH Boston and Harvard University, filmed September 2005, YouTube film, posted 4. September 2009
Video presentation by ⚡ Dr. David R. Hawkins, Prescott Seminar Peace, lecture 3, 3 DVD set, 8. August 2009 – Let go of wanting to change other people, YouTube film, minute 0:17 and 1:49, 2:57 minutes duration, 22. December 2020
Video interview with Dominic Barter, German founder of Restorative Circles (2000), crime and violence conflict resolver in conjunction with Brazilian Department of Justice (2004-), On Restorative Circles, YouTube film, 8:14 minutes duration, posted
12. May 2009
Video presentation by Van Jones (*1968) US American attorney, environmental advocate, civil rights activist, green jobs advisor in the White House (2009), founder of the Ella Baker Center for Human Rights, Definition of Social Justice, sponsored by Guilford College, Greensboro, North Carolina, 19. January 2011, YouTube film, 1:56 minutes duration, posted 20. January 2011
"In a socially just world – as opposed to a legally just world – since we are all pretty much born equally ignorant, we should have roughly equal chances to live their lives." Minute 1:04
Video presentation by Dennis Prager (*1948) US American syndicated conservative radio talk show host and columnist, public speaker, author on Judeo-Christian and American values (E Pluribus Unum, In God We Trust, Liberty), Social Justice, sponsored by David Horowitz Retreat Weekend, Palos Verdes, 1.-3. April 2011, YouTube film, 2:46 minutes duration, posted 26. November 2011
"Social justice means left wing equality. It is a substitute for the term equality. There is no social justice if there are rich and poor. Rich and poor is definitonally social injustice. […] Justice has no problem with there being rich and poor. Social justice has a problem with there being rich and poor." Minute 1:23
Video presentation by Bryan Stevenson (*1959) US American human rights lawyer, founder and executive director of the Equal Justice Initiative, fighting poverty and racial discrimination in the criminal justice system, We need to talk about an injustice, presented by TED Talks 2012, 23:41 minutes duration, filmed March 2012, posted March 2012
Trailer of the video DVD presentation by Rupert Ross, retired Canadian crown prosecutor working with First Nations in remote northwestern Ontario, author, Through A Relational Lens with Rupert Ross – Trailer, keynote speech titled Rethinking Justice: Building Partnerships Between Police And Aboriginal People For Healthy Communities, presented at the "Rethinking Justice Conference", sponsored by the Pacific Business and Law Institute, Vancouver, B.C., 25.-26. October 2012, YouTube film,
2:45 of 45:32 minutes duration, posted 20. November 2012

Paradigmatic shift from the left-brained object-based Western perspective to the right-brained Native interdependent relational philosophy practicing justice as a healing experience based on a reversed hierarchy

Video presentation by Mark Patterson, US American criminologist, prison warden, Women's Community Correctional Center, Honolulu, The criminal justice system. A place of healing, presented by TEDx Honolulu Talks, YouTube film, 16:56 minutes duration, posted 1. November 2012

Transforming prisons into a sanctuary for healing and transformation (Puuhonua); community-building approach, trauma informed system of caring partnership formation with a lasting systemic effect on the Criminal Justice System

Video presentation by Sandra Ngo-Trong, What Justice Really Means – Judging with a Scale, Sword and Blindfolds, presented by the podcast channel Chasing Gods, YouTube film, 19:15 minutes duration, posted 1. July 2020

Reference article: What Justice Truly Means – Judging Properly with the 13 Symbols of Lady Justice, presented by the podcast channel Chasing Gods, Sandra Ngo-Trong, 5. June 2020

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Audio and video links (engl.) – Jordan Maxwell

Audios and videos on astrotheology, religious symbology and systemic enslavement by Jordan Maxwell (1940-2022)
US American esoteric scholar, radio host, lecturer, author

Type	Offering	Heading	Sponsor ♦ Location ♦ P-Date	Minutes duration	Release date
YouTube video	Presentation	*Jordan Maxwell on Occult Law Property*	Unknown	6:02	25. October 2008 25. February 2010
Bitchute video	Interview	US Corporation, UCC-Maritime-Admirality Law, Occult Symbolism	COTO Report, host Megan Kargher, Los Angeles	1:28:41	[13. August 2010] 18. February 2018
YouTube video	Radio interview	*International Maritime Admiralty Law interview*		1:56:48	2. January 2012
"The scheme also provided for the control of the courts via the 1913 creation of the American Bar Association, whose parent organization was the European International Bar Association, which was the creation of Rothschild. This allowed the International Bankers to control the practice of law, in that the only ones permitted to practice before the courts were those who were educated under their brand of law, which was only Admiralty and Contract law. Common law of the people was to be replaced as it gave the natural man many jurisdictional protections from the bankers' legislation." Melvin Stamper, JD, US American attorney, Fruit from a Poisonous Tree, S. 58, iUniverse, 2008

See also:
► Gnosticism: Audio and video links (engl.) – Jordan Maxwell
► Occultism: Audio and video links (engl.) – Jordan Maxwell

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Movie links (engl.)

Video Once Upon A Time In The West – Final Showdown, YouTube film, 10:58 minutes duration, posted 23. June 2010

German movie title: "Spiel mir das Lied vom Tod"

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Interne Links

Englisch Wiki

Hawkins

¹ Engaging the Powers. Discernment and Resistance in a World of Domination, Fortress Press, 1. January 1992 ⇑

² Negritos ist eine Sammelbezeichnung für mehrere dunkelhäutige, kraushaarige und kleinwüchsige Ethnien in Süd- und Südostasien. ⇑

³ The Quakers (Society of Friends) comprise 0.0008% of the US population. ⇑

⁴ Statutory text developed by the American Law Institute (ALI), 1923, funded by the Rockefeller Foundation, trivializing/normalizing all sexual crimes, footnoted by Alfred Kinsey, 1962 ⇑

Anhand der Skala des Bewusstseins (Gradeinteilung von 1-1000), erarbeitet von Dr. David R. Hawkins, hat Gerechtigkeit Bewusstseinswerte von Bewusstseinswert 200-380. Dies platziert Gerechtigkeit in den Bereich der gesellschaftlich aufbauenden Integrität.

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Recht ist nicht gleich Gerechtigkeit.

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