Der führende theoretische Quantenphysiker David Bohm ist nach Ansicht des Theologen Adolf von Harnack einer der wahren Philosophen des 20. Jahrhunderts. Bohm entwickelte aus den revolutionären Erkenntnissen der Quantenphysik die Theorie, dass neben dem manifestierten Anteil des Universums ( explizite Ordnung) auch ein nicht manifestierter Anteil existiert, den er implizite Ordnung (Leerheit, die zugleich Fülle beinhaltet) oder Holomovement (altgriech. "holos" = ganz und lat. "movere" = bewegen) nannte. Alles irdisch Manifeste, was sich mit den Sinnen wahrnehmen lässt, ist die Folge einer ganzheitlichen Be-
wegung. Materie ist nach Bohm prädisponiertes, kondensiertes Licht und lediglich ein Tropfen im Meer der Energie und der im-
pliziten Ordnung. Nach Bohm basiert Licht (Bewusstsein) weder auf Zeit noch Raum noch Geschwindigkeit. Es ist gleichzeitig Potential, Energie und Information, Kontext, Inhalt und Form.

Diogenes in der Tonne

Jeder gegenwärtige Augenblick ist zeitlos (atemporal). Einzelne Momente erfolgen nicht aufeinander und werden nicht zeitlich verknüpft, sondern innerhalb der impliziten Ordnung.

Bei den Interferenzversuchen schickt man Lichtstrahlen durch eine bestimmte Anzahl von Schlitzen. Lichtüberlagerung ist die Quelle für die Verdunklung von Punkten, die ansonsten hell erscheinen. Die interferierenden schattenhaften Lichtstrahlen werden Photonen genannt, die nicht instrumentell messbar, jedoch durch ihre Störwirkung wahrnehmbar sind. Forschung hat festgestellt, dass die Anzahl der schattenhaften Photonen we-
sentlich größer ist als die der fassbaren sichtbaren Photonen. Jedes fassbare Photon wird von mindestens einer Billion schat-
tenhafter Photonen begleitet. Somit wurde die Theorie Bohms von der impliziten Ordnung bestätigt, der sagt, dass die wahr-
nehmbare Welt im Verhältnis zum Urgrund allen Seins nur die Spitze des Eisbergs darstellt.

Quantenphysiker des 3. Jahrtausends sprechen nicht mehr von impliziter Ordnung, sondern von Paralleluniversen oder von einem Multiversum. Der israelisch-britische Physiker David Deutsch konstatiert, dass die Quantentheorie die Wechsel-
wirkung des Wirklichen und des Möglichen beschreibt. Deutsch meint, dass es auf der Quantenebene nur so genannte Schnappschüsse gibt in einem raum- und zeitlosen Kontinuum (implizite Ordnung), das unendliche Möglichkeiten für unend-
liche Wirklichkeiten bereithält, die in der expliziten Ordnung Realität werden, wenn man sie aufsucht.
Aus der Sicht des Absoluten ist jeder erlebte Augenblick ein Ausdruck der raumzeitlosen Ewigkeit.

In der Welt der Erscheinungen nehmen Menschen aufgrund der Struktur des menschlichen Denk- und Fühlvermögens Geschehnisse als fortlaufende Geschichte (Nacheinander) und Räume und Gegenstände als nebeneinander liegend wahr.

• The safest general characterization of the European philosophical tradition is that it consists of a series of footnotes
  to Plato. Alfred North Whitehead (1861-1947) English mathematician, philosopher, pioneering integralist, metaphysical educator,
  author, Process and Reality, part II, chapter 1, §1, 1929, Free Press, corrected edition 1. July 1979

• There are indeed, as those concerned with the mysteries say, many who carry the thyrsus [staff/wand] but the worshipers of Dionysus [the true mystics] are few. These latter are, in my opinion, no other than those who have practiced philosophy in the right way. I have in my life left nothing undone in order to be counted among these as far as possible. Plato (427-347 BC) Ancient Greek pre-Christian founder of the occidental philosophy, writer, dialogue Phaedo [On the Soul], 69c-d, 385-378 BC
  

• [W]ith a blessed company – we following in the train of Zeus, and others in that of some other god – […] saw the blessed sight and vision and were initiated into that which is rightly called the most blessed of mysteries, which we celebrated in
  a state of perfection […] being permitted as initiates to the sight of perfect and simple and calm and happy apparitions,
  which we saw in the pure light, being ourselves pure and not entombed in this which we carry about with us and call the body, in which we are imprisoned like an oyster in its shell. Plato (427-347 BC) Ancient Greek pre-Christian founder of the occidental philosophy, writer, dialogue Phaedrus, 250b-c, ~370 BC

• [We can] assume that the barley grown [in the Rarian plain] was host to an ergot containing […] the soluble hallucinogenic alkaloids. The famous Rarian plain was adjacent to Eleusis. Indeed this may well have led to the choice of Eleusis for Demeter’s temple Dr. Albert Hofmann, supposedly the creator of LSD, cited in: R. Gordon Wasson (1898-1986) US American ethnomycologist, ethnobotany researcher, vice president of J.P. Morgan & Company, pioneer investigator of sacred indigenous mushroom rituals in Mexico in the 1950s, author, Albert Hofmann (1906-2008) Swiss chemist, discoverer, synthesizer, ingester of the drug LSD, 1943, author, Carl A. P. Ruck, Ph.D. (*1935) US American professor of mythology and religion, classical studies, Boston University, expert on ancient Greek ethnobotany, author, The Road to Eleusis. Unveiling the Secret of the Mysteries, chapter 2, S. 42, North Atlantic Books, 1978, 30th anniversary edition 25. November 2008

• O just and righteous opium! […] thou bildest upon the bosom of darkness, out of the fantastic imagery of the brain, cities and temples […] beyond the splendours of Baby-
  lon […] thou hast the keys of Paradise, O just, subtle, and mighty opium! Thomas
  de Quincey (1785-1859) English essayist, autobiography Confessions of an English Opium-Eater, The London Magazine, 1821

• The minutest incidents of childhood, or forgotten scenes of later years, were often revived. […]
  I feel assured that there is no such thing as ultimate forgetting, traces once impressed upon the memory are indestructible. Thomas de Quincey (1785-1859) English essayist, autobiography Confessions of an English Opium-Eater, S. 236-238, The London Magazine, 1821

• I lost all connection with external things; trains of vivid visible images passed through my mind and were connected with words in such a manner as to produce perceptions perfectly novel. I existed in a world of newly connected and newly modified ideas […]
  I exclaimed to Dr Kinglake, "Nothing exists but thoughts!" […]
  I have often felt very great pleasure when breathing it alone, in darkness and silence, occupied only by ideal existence.
  Humphry Davy (1778–1829) Cornish chemist, inventor, Researches, Chemical and Philosophical; Chiefly Concerning Nitrous Oxide.
  Or Dephlogisticated Nitrous Air, and its Respiration, J. Johnson by Biggs and Cottle, S. 488-491, 1800

• Without the eye there can be no sensations of vision, and without the brain there could be no recollected visible ideas; but neither the optic nerve nor the brain can be considered as the percipient principle – they are but the instruments of a power which has nothing in common with them. […]
  The desire of glory, of honour, of immortal fame, and of constant knowledge, so usual in young persons of well-constituted minds, cannot, I think, be other than symptoms of the infinite and progressive nature of intellect. Humphry Davy (1778–1829) Cornish chemist, inventor, The Collected Works. Memoirs of the life of Sir Humphry Davy, Dialogue Four, Smith, Elder, and Company, Cornhill, 1839

• By wine or opium we can intensify and considerably heighten our mental powers, but as soon as the right measure of stimulus is exceeded, the effect will be exactly the opposite. Arthur Schopenhauer (1788-1860) German philosopher, faculty member, author, essay On the Freedom of the Will, presented to the Royal Norwegian Society of Sciences, chapter III, 1839

• There are two states in which man arrives at the rapturous feeling of existence, namely in dreaming and in intoxication.
  Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche (1844-1900) German classical scholar, critic of culture, philosopher of nihilism, writer, cited in: article The Dionysian Worldview, written in summer of 1870, presented by the peer-reviewed academic
  journal Journal of Nietzsche Studies, Claudia Crawford, Penn State University Press, #13, Spring 1997

• [Paraphrased summary] Nietzsche ends his philosophical career by speaking of his 'inspiration' in terms of hearing thunderous deific voices and stating that he is a 'disciple of the philosopher Dionysus', the forest god of intoxication. Between these two statements Nietzsche had ingested a variety of drugs, drugs that may have influenced his culture-shattering philo-
  sophy that decried the death of God: 'I am not a man, I am dynamite.' Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche (1844-1900) German
  classical scholar, critic of culture, philosopher of nihilism, writer, Walter Kaufmann, translator, autobiography Ecce homo. How One Becomes What One Is, Foreword, §2 and "Why I am a Destiny", §1, written 1888-1889, C. G. Naumann, Leipzig, 1908

In his autobiography Nietzsche spoke of the rare form of 'inspiration', which today is best understood and labeled as "auditory halluci-
nation", in this case initiated by chemical means. Nietzsche came to hear Dionysus, as Socrates heard his daemon, and eventually he became Dionysus, signing off letters by the god’s name. Nietzsche's drugs may have made him into the god that returned to supersede Christ.

• My dears, Lou and Rée: … Consider me, the two of you, as a semilunatic with a sore head who has been totally bewildered by long solitude. To this, I think, sensible insight into the state of things I have come after taking a huge dose of opium – in despe-
  ration. But instead of losing my reason as a result, I seem at last to have come to reason. Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche (1844-1900) German classical scholar, critic of culture, philosopher of nihilism, author, letter to close friends, mid-December 1882

Due to chronic migraines, nausea and convulsions, Nietzsche frequently took opium.

• I went across the road, as I often did, for a cup of coffee and a sandwich. As I was stirring the coffee it suddenly turned green, then purple. I looked up, startled, and saw a huge proboscidean head, like an elephant seal. Panic seized me; I slammed a five-dollar note on the table and ran across the road to a bus on the other side. But all the passengers on the bus seemed
  to have smooth white heads like giant eggs, with huge glittering eyes like the faceted compound eyes of insects –
  their eyes seemed to move in sudden jerks, which increased the feeling of their fearfulness and alienness.
  Oliver Sacks (1933-2015) British neurologist, naturalist, author, Hallucinations, chapter VI, S. 115-116, Knopf/Picador, division of Random House, 6. November 2012

• [A] spider called out "Hello!" […] I said, "Hello yourself," and with this we started a conversation, mostly on rather technical matters of analytic philosophy. Perhaps this direction was suggested by the spider's opening comment: did I think that ⚡ Bertrand Russell had exploded Frege's paradox? Oliver Sacks (1933-2015) British neurologist, naturalist, author, Halluci-
  nations, chapter VI, S. 109, Knopf/Picador, a division of Random House, 6. November 2012

Sacks had a relevant experience on Artane (trihexyphenidyl).

• Nitrous oxide and ether, especially nitrous oxide […] stimulate the mystical cons-
  ciousness in an extraordinary degree. […] [In] the nitrous oxide trance we have a genuine metaphysical revelation. […] [Our] normal waking consciousness, rational consciousness as we call it, is but one special type of consciousness, whilst all about it, parted from it by the filmiest
  of screens, there lie potential forms of consciousness entirely different.
  William James, M.D. (1842-1910) US American physician, professor of psychology and philosophy, Harvard University, pragmatic
  author, The Varieties of Religious Experiences, chapter XVI, Random House, 1929, Touchstone, 1. April 1997

• The drift of all evidence we have seems to me to sweep us very strongly towards the belief in some form of superhu-
  man life with which we may, unknown to ourselves, be co-conscious. […] The analogies with ordinary psychology and
  the facts of pathology, with those of psychical research, so called, and with those of religious experience, establish,
  when taken together, a decidedly formidable probability in favor of a general view of the world almost identical with
  Fechner's. William James, M.D. (1842-1910) US American physician, professor of psychology and philosophy, Harvard Univer-
  sity, pragmatic author, A Pluralistic Universe, chapter VIII, 1908, CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 17. November 2012

• Nitrous oxide gas-intoxication […] made me understand better than ever before both the strength and the weakness of Hegel's philosophy. I strongly urge others to repeat the experiment […] its first result was to make peal through me with unutterable power the conviction that Hegelism was true after all. William James, M.D. (1842-1910) US American physician, professor of psychology and philosophy, Harvard University, pragmatic author, The Subjective Effects of Nitrous Oxide, presented by the quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal Mind, Oxford University Press, volume 7, published since 1876, 1882

• I believed myself to be present before a superb spectacle – generally the sight of a landscape of intense colours, through which I was travelling at high speed and which gave me such a profound impression of reality that I could not believe, during the first moments of waking up, that it was a simple dream. […] How I would like you to pursue this study of 'the noetic value of abnormal mental states'! Your article [A Suggestion about Mysticism], combined with what you have said
  in The Varieties of Religious Experiences, opens up great perspectives for us in this direction.
  Henri Bergson (1859-1941) influential French philosopher, Nobel laureate in literature, 1927, letter to William James, M.D., cited in: Keith Ansell Pearson, John Mullarkey, editors, Key Writings, A&C Black, 22. April 2002; Bloomsbury Academic, revised edited edition 24. April 2014

• Reflecting on my experience, I find myself agreeing with the eminent Cambridge philosopher, Dr C. D. Broad, "that we should do well to consider […] the type of theory which Bergson put forward […]. The suggestion is that the function
  of the brain and nervous system and sense organs is in the main eliminative and not productive." ⚡ Aldous Huxley (1894-1963) English US American visionary humanist, pacifist, counterculture hero, poet, dystopian essayist, writer on parapsychology
  and philosophical mysticism, The Doors of Perception, S. 10, Chatto & Windus, United Kingdom, Harper & Row, United States, 1954

On the psychedelic experience

• Our studies have begun to lay bare the workings underlying the changing states of consciousness. With a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying these states we can learn to use them better, to manipulate our consciousness, to our own and societies' advantage. William James, M.D. explains it like seeing through the veils of perception. Huxley describes the ego as a reducing valve of the brain. How right they were. Now, for the first time we have seen the empirical basis of these realisations. Blog article offering an extract of the talk by Countess Amanda Feilding (*1943) English drug policy reformer, executive director of the Beckley Foundation, artist, at a launching event, sponsored by The Royal Society, London, The Coming of Age of LSD, presented by the US American liberal-oriented online newspaper Huffington Post, Amanda Feilding, executive director of The Beckley Foundation, 4. December 2016, updated 4. December 2017

On the 2016 ground-breaking brain-imaging studies carried out upon subjects on LSD at Imperial College, sponsored by The Beckley Foundation

• Psychedelics are thought of as 'mind-expanding' drugs so it has commonly been assumed that they work by increasing brain activity, but surprisingly, we found that psilocybin actually caused activity to decrease in areas that have the densest connections with other areas. These hubs constrain our experience of the world and keep it orderly. We now know that deactivating these regions leads to a state in which the world is experienced as strange. David John Nutt, Ph.D. (*1951) British psychiatrist, neuropsychopharmacologist, researcher of drugs that affect the brain and addiction, anxiety and sleep, cited in: article Magic mushrooms' effects illuminated in brain imaging studies, presented by the Imperial College, London, Sam Wong, 24. January 2012

Similarly, Nutt endorsed earlier research on psilocybin, a psychoactive chemical within magic mushrooms.

• If you want to understand consciousness, you've got to study psychedelics. David John Nutt, Ph.D. (*1951) British psychiatrist, neuropsychopharmacologist, researcher of drugs that affect the brain and addiction, anxiety and sleep, cited in: Video interview WHY LSD IS IMPORTANT, YouTube film, minute 3:18, 4:18 minutes duration, posted 14. April 2016

• You become so sensitive: fearing a shadow would damage the paper on which it is falling […] The claims of space and time of the hashish eater now come to bear; and they are regal […] eternity does not last too long. Walter Benjamin (1892-1940) German Jewish philosopher, cultural critic, translator, essayist, cited in: Dr. Sebastian Marincolo, German philosopher, author, What Hashish
  Did To Walter Benjamin. Mind-Altering Essays on Marijuana, part III, §2, S. 129, Khargala Press, 20. November 2015

• [T]here is functional displacement. […] [S]omeone gave me one of Kafka's books Betrachtung. I read the title. But then the book at once changed into the book-in-the-writer's-hand, which it becomes for the (perhaps somewhat academic) sculptor who confronts the task of sculpting that particular writer. It immediately became integrated into the sculptural form of my
  own body. Walter Benjamin (1892-1940) German Jewish philosopher, cultural critic, translator, essayist, On Hashish, chap-
  ter II, 15. January 1928, Harvard University Press, 2. June 2006

• One of the core ideas of Benjamin's ground breaking essay [magnum opus The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction] is to observe that modern means of technical reproduction strip pieces of art of their aura. A photograph of an object can be reproduced and seen anywhere in the world, taking the object out of its spatio-temporal and historical-cultural context. Referencing Walter Benjamin (1892-1940) German Jewish philosopher, cultural critic, translator, essayist, in: Dr. Sebastian Marincolo, German philosopher, author, What Hashish Did To Walter Benjamin. Mind-Altering Essays on Marijuana, part III, S. 138, Khargala Press, 20. November 2015

Benjamin possibly died from suicide by morphine overdose.

• What interested me above all was the relationship of these [ psychedelic ] substances to productivity. It has been my experience, however, that creative achievement requires an alert consciousness, and that it diminishes under the spell of drugs. On the other hand, conceptualization is important, and one gains insights under the influence of drugs that indeed are not possible otherwise. Ernst Jünger (1895-1998) German entomologist, soldier and officer, dandy, author, letter to his friend Hofmann dated 3. March 1948, cited in: Albert Hofmann (1906-2008) Swiss chemist, discoverer, synthesizer, ingester of the drug LSD, author, LSD. My Problem Child. LSD Experience and Reality, S. 74, McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1980

• These things should only be tried in small circles. I cannot agree with the thoughts of Huxley that possibilities for trans-
  cendence could here be given to the masses. Indeed, this does not involve comforting fictions, but rather realities, if we
  take the matter earnestly. Ernst Jünger (1895-1998) German entomologist, soldier and officer, dandy, author, letter to his friend Hofmann dated 17. December 1961, cited in: Albert Hofmann (1906-2008) Swiss chemist, discoverer, synthesizer, ingester of the drug LSD, author, LSD. My Problem Child. LSD Experience and Reality, S. 74, McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1980

• The next and last thrust into the inner universe together with Ernst Jünger, this time again using LSD, led us very far from everyday consciousness. We came close to the ultimate door. Of course this door, according to Ernst Jünger, will in fact only open for us in the great transition from life into the hereafter.
  Albert Hofmann (1906-2008) Swiss chemist, discoverer, synthesizer, ingester of the drug LSD, author, LSD. My Problem Child.
  LSD Experience and Reality, chapter 7, McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1980

Albert Hofmann and Ernst Jünger took LSD and psilocybin together on a number of occasions. It seems that the experience had a more profound veridical aspect for Jünger, touching upon matters spiritual, metaphysical, eschatological.

• Reality is inconceivable without an experiencing subject, without an ego. It is the product of the exterior world, of the sender and of a receiver, an ego in whose deepest self the emanations of the exterior world, registered by the antennae
  of the sense organs, become conscious. If one of the two is lacking, no reality happens, no radio music plays, the picture screen remains blank. Albert Hofmann (1906-2008) Swiss chemist, discoverer, synthesizer, ingester of the drug LSD, author, LSD. My Problem Child. LSD Experience and Reality, McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1980

Albert Hofmann didn't invent LSD. He was sent to Pont-St. Espirit to plant the false story about ergotamine poisioning at the town bakery which CIA hack John G. Fuller then reinforced with his book The Day of St. Anthony's Fire.

• The Western attitude is unwholesome. It is moral. Morality, the great isolator, the great separator, divides man in half. To return to the unity of the vision is to reconcile body, soul, and the world. […] [ Psychedelic] [d]rugs are nihilistic: they undermine all values and radically overturn all our ideas about good and evil, what is just and what is unjust, what is permitted and what is for-
  bidden. Octavio Paz (1914-1998) Mexican diplomat, poet, writer, Nobel laureate in literature, 1990, Alternating Current, chapter 2,
  S. 83-86, 12. August 1967, Arcade Publishing, 18. January 1991, reprint edition 7. July 2015

• [An] established society imposes upon all its members the same medium of percep-
  tion […].
  The "trip" involves the dissolution of the ego shaped by the established society – an artificial and short-lived dissolution. But the artificial and "private" liberation anticipates, in a distorted manner, an exi-
  gency of the social liberation: the revolution must be at the same time a revolution in perception which will accompany
  the material and intellectual reconstruction of society, creating the new aesthetic environment.
  Awareness of the need for such a revolution in perception, for a new sensorium, is perhaps the kernel of truth in the psychedelic search. Herbert Marcuse (1898-1979) German-American philosopher, sociologist, political theorist, associated with
  the Frankfurt School, An Essay on Liberation, chapter 2, S. 36-37, Beacon Press Books, 1969

• Since I had been experimenting with Lagache, who's rather saturnine and who said to me, "What it does to you is terrible!", I ended up having all sorts of unpleasant images. My first contact with mescaline took place in a partially-lighted room in which all objects changed shape according to real perspective. […] [T]here was an umbrella hanging on a coat rack, and I had the impression it was a vulture. The cloth part of the umbrella became the wings, and then there was a neck and a kind of beak. It was seen like that. […] And when I left I had strange visions, too. I saw a man as a toad running in the street. And finally, when I got back to Rouen, I saw Beaver's shoe as a big fat fly. […] I immediately foresaw that all this was leading me – why I can’t imagine – to chronic hallucinatory psychosis. Jean-Paul Sartre (1905-1980) French philosopher, proponent of existentialism, literary critic, publicist, dramatist, romancier, transcription of the film Sartre by Himself, directed Alexandre Astruc and Michel Contat, published 27. January 1969, S. 37-38, Urizen Books, 1. January 1978

For Sartre, the mescaline experience had its price, a price of terror.

• We can easily see how LSD inverts the relationships of ill humor, stupidity, and thought: it no sooner eliminates the supremacy of categories than it tears away the ground of its indifference and disintegrates the gloomy dumbshow of stupidity; and it presents this univocal and a categorical mass not only as variegated, mobile, asymmetrical, decentered, spiraloid, and reverberating but causes it to rise, at each instant, as a swarming of phantasm-events.
  Michel Foucault (1926-1984) French philosopher, historian of ideas, social theorist, philologist, literary critic, author, essay Theatrum Philosophicum, presented by Critique #282, S. 885-908, 1970

Referencing LSD and opium in relation to Deleuze's book The Logic of Sense

• [The] essence of great experience is penetration into the unknown, the unexperienced […]. If you like to phrase it so, philosophy is mystical. For mysticism is direct insight into depths as yet unspoken. But the purpose of philosophy is to rationalize mysticism: not by explaining it away, but by the introduction of novel verbal characterizations, rationally coordinated.
  Alfred North Whitehead (1861-1947) English mathematician, philosopher, pioneering integralist, metaphysical educator, author,
  Modes of Thought, chapters 3-9, 1938, Touchstone, reissue edition 1. February 1968

• Philosophy is like being in a dark room and looking for a black cat.
• Metaphysics is like being in a dark room and looking for a black cat that isn't there.
• Theology is like being in a dark room and looking for a black cat that isn't there, and shouting "I found it!"
• Science is like being in a dark room looking for a black cat using a flashlight.