Auf der von ihm entwickelten Skala befindet sich das wissenschaftliche Denken im 400er Bereich und erreicht seinen Höhe-
punkt sowie seine maximale Grenze der Ausdehnung bei BW 499, wo sich intellektuelle Genies und Spitzendenker wie bei-
spielsweise Albert Einstein, Sir Isaac Newton, René Descartes und Stephen Hawking bewegen.

Wissenschaftler und gewöhnliche Menschen können diese Grenze zwischen Linearität und Nichtlinearität sehr wohl über-
schreiten, nur geschieht dies derzeit selten (bei etwa 5% der Weltbevölkerung, und nur bei 1% der Wissenschaftler).
Die Schwierigkeit liegt darin, dass einhergehend mit einem Bewusstseinssprung von 499 auf 500 ein Paradigmenwechsel unumgänglich wird, der eine fundamental andere Anschauungs- und Seinsweise verlangt als sie das kausale Denken vorgibt.

Ab BW 500 – so Hawkins – er-lebt man zunehmend Nicht-Dualität, Synchronizität, Spiritualität, Liebe, Subjektivität […] Wissenschaft und Spiritualität sind demnach keine Unvereinbarkeiten, sondern unterschiedliche Sichtweisen auf ein und dieselbe Sache, wobei Hawkins klar sagt, dass das naturwissenschaftliche Weltbild aus der Warte eines umfassenderen Bewusstseins (vorgestellt anhand der von ihm entwickelten BW-Skala) unzureichend, ja irreführend, ist.

Personal avowals

• [Famous conclusion] Science can be created only by those who are thoroughly imbued with the aspiration toward truth and understanding. This source of feeling, however, springs from the sphere of religion. [...] The situation may be expressed by an image: science without religion is lame, religion without science is blind. Albert Einstein [LoC 499] (1879-1955) German-born US American theoretical physicist, developer of the theory of general relativity, Nobel laureate in physics, 1921, cited in: Walter Isaacson (*1952) US American president and
  CEO of the Aspen Institute, journalist, biographer, writer, Einstein. His Life and Universe, Simon & Schuster, New York, April 2007

• The most beautiful emotion we can experience is the mysterious. It is the fundamental emotion that stands at the cradle of all true art and science. Albert Einstein [LoC 499] (1879-1955) German-born US American theoretical physicist, developer of the theory of general relativity, Nobel laureate in physics, 1921, cited in: Walter Isaacson (*1952) US American president and CEO
  of the Aspen Institute, journalist, biographer, writer, Einstein. His Life and Universe, Simon & Schuster, New York, April 2007

• We haven't got the money, so we've got to think! Ernest Rutherford, 1st Baron Rutherford of Nelson, OM, FRS [LoC 450] (1871-1937) New Zealand-born British chemist, physicist, father of nuclear physics, cited in: Goodreads Quotable Quote

• I can forgive Alfred Nobel for having invented dynamite, but only a fiend in human form could have invented the
  Nobel Prize. George Bernard Shaw [Work LoC 400] (1856-1950) Irish politician, pacifist, satirist, dramatist, Nobel laureate in
  literature, 1925, cited in: Quoteland

• I would suggest that science is at least in part, informed worship.
  Carl Sagan [LoC 200, work LoC 420] (1934-1996) US American astronomer, astrophysicist, cosmologist, exobiologist, science po-
  pularizer and communicator in the space and natural sciences, author, The Varieties of Scientific Experience. A Personal View of the
  Search for God, The Penguin Press, 2. November 2006

• We've arranged a global civilization in which most crucial elements profoundly depend on science and technology. We have also arranged things so that almost no one understands science and technology. This is a prescription for disaster. We might get away with it for a while, but sooner or later this combustible mixture of ignorance and power is going to
  blow up in our faces. Carl Sagan [LoC 200, work LoC 420] (1934-1996) US American astronomer, astrophysicist, cosmologist, exobiologist, science popularizer and communicator in the space and natural sciences, author, The Demon-Haunted World. Science
  as a Candle in the Dark, Random House, Ballantine Books, 1995; cited in: Goodreads Quotable Quote

• Basic research is when I'm doing what I don't know what I'm doing. Wernher von Braun [LoC 400] (1912-1977) German
  US American rocket scientist, aerospace engineer, space architect, leading figure in developing rocket technology in Nazi Germany
  during World War II and subsequently in the United States, designer of the V-2 and Saturn rockets, cited in: Goodreads Quotable Quote

• I found that the more I worked with chromosomes, the bigger and bigger they got, and when I was really working with them I wasn't outside. I was part of the system. I was right down there with them, and everything got big. I even was able to see the internal parts of chromosomes. It surprised me because I actually felt as if they were my friends [...]. As you look at these things, they become part of you. And you forget yourself.
  Barbara McClintock (1902-1992) US American cytogeneticist, Nobel laureate in physiology or medicine, 1983, cited in: Janet A.
  Kourany, Philosophy in a Feminist Voice: Critiques and Reconstructions, S. 246, Princeton University Press, 29. December 1997

• What I think is going to happen is that science and spirituality, which will mainly be an acknowledgement of the pro-
  found nature of our consciousness, will grow closer and closer together. Video interview with Eben Alexander III, M.D.
  (*1953) US American neuroscientist, neurosurgeon, near death experiencer, author, Neurosurgeon Dr. Eben Alexander’s Near-Death Experience Defies Medical Model of Consciousness, episode #154, presented by the US American web radio station Skeptiko
  Science at the tipping point, founder and host Alex Tsakiris, 52:00 minutes duration, posted 22. November 2011

• I often say that when you can measure what you are speaking about, and express it in numbers, you know something about it; but when you cannot measure it, when you cannot express it in numbers, your knowledge is of a meagre and unsatisfactory kind; it may be the beginning of knowledge, but you have scarcely, in your thoughts, advanced it to the stage of science, whatever the matter may be. Lecture delivered to the Institution of Civil Engineers by William Thompson,
  1st Baron Lord Kelvin (1824-1907) British mathematical physicist, engineer, Electrical Units of Measurement, 3. May 1883, pub-
  lished in "Popular Lectures", volume I, S. 73, University of Toronto Library, 1889

• Firstly, gradualness. About this most important condition of fruitful scientific work I can never speak without emotion. Gradualness, gradualness, gradualness.
  Ivan Pavlov (1849-1936) Russian physiologist, discoverer of the conditioned reflex when experimenting with dogs, Nobel laureate in physiology/medicine, 1904, cited in: Rolf P. Lynton, Udal Pareek, Training for Development,
  S. 31, SAGE Publications, India, 3rd revised edition, 2011

• Scientific creation is in many ways germane to artistic creation [...]. In order to solve a problem, I have to think very hard about a problem but this thinking never leads me anywhere; it is but a necessary priming process. Finding myself unable to solve my problem, I 'drop it', that is, let it sink into my subconscious. How long it stays there varies. Then, unexpectedly, the solution is passed into my conscious mind. My brain must have done as the Hungarian laxative which was advertised: "While you sleep it does the work." Albert Szent-Györgyi (1893-1986) Hungarian physiologist, Nobel Peace Prize laureate in physiology or medicine, 1937, article On Scientific and Artistic Creativity, presented by the peer-reviewed academic journal Leonardo published by the MIT Press, Volume 6, Number 1, S. 57-58, Winter 1973

Snopy Rock, Sedona, Arizona

• I doubt that Fleming could have obtained a grant for the discovery of penicillin on that basis [a requirement for highly detailed research plans] because he could not have said, 'I propose to have an accident in a culture so that it will be spoi-
  led by a mould falling on it, and I propose to recognize the possibility of extracting an antibiotic from this mould.'
  Hans Selye (1907-1982) Hungarian-Austrian-Canadian pioneering endocrinologist, father of stress research, From Dream To Discovery. On Being A Scientist, Arno Press, new edition, June 1975

• Science, I had come to learn, is as political, competitive, and fierce a career as you can find, full of the temptation to find easy paths. Paul Kalanithi (1977-2015) Indian-American neurosurgeon and writer, non-fiction autobiography When Breath Becomes Air, Random House, 12. January 2016

Questions

• That is the essence of science: ask an impertinent question, and you are on the way to a pertinent answer.
  Jacob Bronowski (1908-1974) Polish-born British mathematician, biologist, creator of the television series, author, The Ascent of
  Man, Little, Brown & Company, August 1976, BBC Books, 1. April 2013

Appeals

• I appeal to your own eyes as my witness and judge.
  William Harvey [LoC 470/475] (1578-1657) English physician, first discoverer of the systemic circulation and properties of blood, The Circulation of the Blood, S. 20, Cosimo, 2006

• I ask you to look both ways. For the road to a knowledge of the stars leads through the atom; and important knowledge of the atom has been reached through the stars.
  Sir Arthur Eddington [LoC 460] (1882-1944) British astrophysicist of the early 20th century, Stars and Atoms, Lecture 1, 1928

• It is not a question of whether a theory is philosophically delightful, or easy to understand, or perfectly reasonable from the point of view of common sense. The theory of quantum electrodynamics describes Nature as absurd from the point of view of common sense. And it agrees fully with experiment. So I hope you can accept Nature as She is – absurd. [...] Please don't turn yourself off because you can't believe Nature is so strange. Richard Feynman (1918-1988) US American physicist known for integral formulation of quantum mechanics, the theory of quan-
  tum electrodynamics, Nobel-laureate in physics, 1965, QED. The Strange Theory of Light and Matter, chapter 1, S. 10, Princeton University Press, 1985

Conclusions

• I know that most men – not only those considered clever, but even those who are very clever and capable of understanding most difficult scientific, mathematical, or philo-
  sophic, problems – can seldom discern even the simplest and most obvious truth if it be such as obliges them to admit the falsity of conclusions they have formed, perhaps with much difficulty – conclusions of which they are proud, which they have taught to others, and on which they have built their lives. Leo Tolstoy [LoC 420] (1828-1910) Russian playwright, essayist, novelist, writer, Aylmer Maude, translator, What is Art?, 1897, opening to chapter 14 "What Is Art and Essays on Art", Oxford University Press, 1930

• We need to respect indigenous knowledge, things which are observed over thousand years and passed down orally.  Minute 1:17:26
  Science is a kind of ritual actually. It's a form of shamanism. ... In modern Placebo research a physician's belief in the efficacy of both the drug and the placebo has an effect on the outcome. [...] We have
  the power to control our bodies down to the cellular level.  Minute 1:09:40
  In Ancient Egypt, 2,500 years ago, an empirically observed pregnancy test was noted on a translated papyrus – the Egyptian method of pregnancy testing and presaging the sex of a conceived child in the womb was first dismissed by scientists of the 20th century as prerational made-up hogwash. However, it took four different studies in four different countries proceeded in the 30ties to confirm every bit of the ancient empirical knowledge that was generally transmit-
  ted orally from generation to generation.  Minute 1:13:25ff
  Video interview with Stephan A. Schwartz, Ph.D., US American futurologist, senior fellow for Brain, Mind and Healing, Samueli Insti-
  itute, cognitive sciences research associate, Laboratories for Fundamental Research, author, Stephan A Schwartz: Non-Local Consci-
  ousness and Exceptional Experiences, presented by host Craig Weiner, D.C., YouTube film, 1:19:27 duration, posted 4. March 2014

• We used to think that if we knew one, we knew two, because one and one are two. We are finding that we must learn
  a great deal more about 'and'. Sir Arthur Eddington [LoC 460] (1882-1944) British astrophysicist of the early 20th century,
  cited in: Alan L. Mackay, The Harvest of a Quiet Eye. A Selection of Scientific Quotations, Taylor & Francis, 1977, 1. January 1982

• You get dumber by degrees. American expression
  • [Je gelehrter, desto verkehrter.] Deutsche Redewendung

Recommendations

• O speculators about perpetual motion, how many vain chimeras have you created in the like quest? Go and take your place with the seekers after gold.
  Leonardo da Vinci [Works LoC 565] (1452-1519) Italian polymath: painter, sculptor, architect, musician, scientist, mathematician, engineer, inventor, anatomist, geologist, cartographer, botanist, writer, Madrid Codex I, f. 148r, 1490-1499

Conclusions

• We are to admit no more causes of natural things than such as are both true and sufficient to explain their appearances. Sir Isaac Newton [LoC 499] (1643-1727) English psysicist, mathematician, astronomer, alchemist, philosopher, nature researcher, ci-
  vilian administrator, writer, Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica, New Latin issue 1687, second edition 1713, 1726, 1728

• There is increasing concern that most current published research findings are false. The probability that a research claim is true may depend on study power and bias, the number of other studies on the same question, and, importantly, the ratio of true to no relationships among the relationships probed in each scientific field. John Ioannidis, Ph.D. (*1965) Greek American professor of medicine and of health research and policy, professor of statistics, Why Most Published Research Findings Are False, presented by the nonprofit open access scientific publishing project Public Library of Science (PLOS), 30. August 2005

• For many current scientific fields, claimed research findings may often be simply accurate measures of the prevailing bias. John Ioannidis, Ph.D. (*1965) Greek American professor of medicine and of health research and policy, professor of statistics, Why Most Published Research Findings Are False, presented by PLoS Medicine, volume 2, issue 8, August 2005

• I think that today we are beginning to understand that the so-called scientific objec-
  tivity is in many ways a figment of people's imagination.
  Video TV interview with Riane Eisler, Ph.D., J.D. (*1931) Austrian-born US American scholar, cultural historian, systems scientist, partnership researcher, activist, attorney, educator, writer, Recreating Our Past, Recreating Our Future, excerpt from Thinking Allowed DVD, presented by the US American independent public television series Thinking Allowed (PBS) (1988-2002), host Jeffrey Mishlove, Ph.D. (*1946) US American clinical psychologist, director of the Intuition Network, radio and television interviewer, author, YouTube film, minute 0:26, 12:00 minutes duration, posted 22. August 2010

Future prospect

• It is my personal opinion that in the science of the future reality will neither be "psychic" nor "physical" but somehow
  both and somehow neither. Wolfgang Pauli (1900-1958) Austrian-born Swiss and American theoretical physicist, pioneer of
  quantum physics, Nobel Prize recipient in physics, 1945, letter to Abraham Pais, 17. August 1950, cited as Letter 1147 in: Karl
  von Meyenn, German physicist and physics historian, editor, Wissenschaftlicher Briefwechsel mit Bohr, Einstein, Heisenberg, Mitautoren, Band IV, Teil 1, 1950-1952, S. 152, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1996

Insights

• The cardinal error of science lies in shutting the Creator out of His Creation. This one basic error topples the whole structure, for out of it all of the other miscon-
  ceptions of light, matter, energy, electricity, magnetism and atomic structure have grown. If science knew what LIGHT actually IS, instead of the waves and corpuscles of incandescent suns which science now thinks it is, a new civilization would arise from that one fact alone. […] Science excluded God from its consideration because of the supposition that God could not be proven to exist by laboratory methods. Walter Russell (1871-1963) US American polymath, natural philosopher, mystic, architect, painter, sculptor, builder, author (unified theory in physics and cosmogony), A New Concept of the Universe, "An Open Letter To The World Of Science", 13. February 1953, S. 8-11, University of Science and Philosophy, revised edition June 1989

• When a complex system is far from equilibrium small islands of coherence in a sea of chaos have the capacity to lift
  the entire sysstem to a higher order. Ilya Prigogine (1917-2003) Russian-born Belgian physical chemist, Nobel laureate in che-
  mistry, author, From Being to Becoming. Time and Complexity in the Physical Sciences, W.H. Freeman & Company, 1. March 1981,
  cited in: When Value Arises From Relationships, Not From Things, presented by John Thackara, 8. March 2018
  • According to Prigogine, dissipative structures are islands of order in a sea of disorder, maintaining and even increasing their order at the expense of greater disorder in their environment.
    Fritjof Capra (*1939) Austrian-born US American physicist, systems theorist, founding director of the Center for Ecoliteracy, faculty of the Schumacher College, philosopher, author, The Web of Life. A New Scientific Understanding of Living Systems, topic "Complexity", S. 189, HarperCollins, London, 1996, Anchor Books, October 1996, paperback edition 15. September 1997

• I do not wish to impugn reductionism so much as establish its proper place in the grand scheme of things. […]
  We live not at the end of discovery but at the end of Reductionism, a time in which the false ideology of human mas-
  tery of all things through microscopics is being swept away by events and reason. Robert B. Laughlin, Ph.D. (*1950) US
  American professor of physics and applied physics, Stanford University, physics Nobel laureate in physics, 1998, author, A Different
  Universe. Reinventing Physics from the Bottom Down, "Preface", final paragraph, Basic Books, 28. February 2006

Literary quotes

Movie quotes

• Definition of a scientist: someone who knows nothing until there is nothing left to know.
  Anthony Zerbe (*1936) US American stage, film and Emmy-winning television actor, US American movie The Omega Man, pro-
  duced by Warner Brothers, 1. August 1971

• If you want to expel religion from our European civilization, you can only do it by means of another system of doctrines; and such a system would from the outset take over all the psychological characteristics of religion – the same sanctity, rigidity and intolerance, the same prohibition of thought – for its own defence. You have to have something of the kind
  in order to meet the requirements of education. And you cannot do without education.
  ⚡ Sigmund Freud [LoC 499] (1856-1939) Austrian neurologist, deep psychologist, founder of psychoanalysis, critic of religion, author, The Future of an Illusion [Die Zukunft einer Illusion], James Strachey, 1927, W.D. Robson-Scott, 1989

• Insofar as he makes use of his healthy senses, man himself is the best and most exact scientific instrument possible.
  The greatest misfortune of modern physics is that its experiments have been set apart from man, as it were, physics
  refuses to recognize nature in anything not shown by artificial instruments, and even uses this as a measure of its
  accomplishments.
  Johann Wolfgang Goethe [LoC 465] (1749-1832) German polymath, poet, playwright, dramatist, novelist, Journal Entry,
  Weimar, 11. May 1817

• Science must not impose any philosophy, any more than the telephone must tell us what to say.
  Gilbert Keith Chesterton (1874-1936) British journalist, writer, Volume 28. Collected Works of G.K. Chesterton. Illustrated London
  News (ILN), 1908-1910, entry 19. October 1907, Ignatius Press, 1. April 1987

• In fact, certainty exists in very different modes. The kind of certainty afforded by a verification that has passed through doubt is different from the immediate living certainty with which all ends and values appear in human consciousness
  when they make an absolute claim. But the certainty of science is very different from this kind of certainty that is acqui-
  red in life. Scientific certainty always has something Cartesian about it. It is the result of a critical method that
  seeks only to allow what cannot be doubted. This certainty, then, does not proceed from doubts and their being over-
  come, but is always anterior to any process of being doubted. Hans-Georg Gadamer (1900-2002) German philosopher on hermeneutics, Truth and Method, Sheed and Ward, London, 1960, 2nd edition, 1989

• The public has a distorted view of science because children are taught in school that science is a collection of firmly established truths. In fact, science is not a collection of truths. It is a continuing exploration of mysteries.
  Review by Freeman Dyson, Ph.D. (1923-2020) British-born US American theoretical physicist (quantum field theory, solid-state
  physics, astronomy, nuclear engineering), mathematician, author, How We Know, presented by fortnightly British journal of literary
  essays London Review of Books, 10. March 2011

• An enlightened trust in the sovereignty of human reason can be every bit as magical as the exploits of Merlin, and a
  faith in our capacity for limitless self-improvement just as much a wide-eyed superstition as a faith in leprechauns.
  Terry Eagleton, Reason, Faith, and Revolution: Reflections on the God Debate, The Terry Lectures, 16. March 2010

• The quest for absolute certainty is an immature, if not infantile, trait of thinking.
  Herbert Feigl, Inquiries and Provocation. Selected Writings, 1929-1974, Springer, 1st edition 1981, reprint 4. October 2013

• Many scientific disciplines begin by not observing any sort of vital spark or consciousness in material events and pro-
  ceed to deny that these things exist in living things, including themselves. Because consciousness does not fit into
  their mechanistic schemes they declare it illusory. Magicians make exactly the reverse argument. Observing cons-
  ciousness in themselves and animals, they are magnanimous enough to extend it to all things to some degree –
  trees, amulets, planetary bodies, and all. This is a far more respectful and generous attitude than that of religions,
  most of whom won't even give animals a soul.
  Peter J. Carroll, Liber Null and Psychonaut. An Introduction to Chaos Magic, Weiser Books, 15. January 1987

• As for karma itself, it is apparently only that which binds "jiva" (sentience, life, spirit, etc.) with "ajiva" (the lifeless,
  material aspect of this world) – perhaps not unlike that which science seeks to bind energy with mass (if I under-
  stand either concept correctly). But it is only through asceticism that one might shed his predestined karmic allot-
  ment. I suppose this is what I still don't quite understand in any of these shramanic philosophies, though – their
  end-game. Their "moksha", or "mukti", or "samsara". This oneness/emptiness, liberation/ transcendence of karma/
  ajiva, of rebirth and ego - of "the self", of life, of everything. How exactly would this state differ from any standard,
  scientificdefinition of death? Plain old death. Or, at most, if any experience remains, from what might be more
  commonly imagined/feared to be death - some dark perpetual existence of paralyzed, semi-conscious nothing-
  ness. An incessant dreamless sleep from which one never wakes? They all assure you, of course, that this will
  be no condition of endless torment, but rather one of "eternal bliss". Inexplicable, incommunicable "bliss", mind
  you, but "bliss" nonetheless.
  So many in the realm of science, too, seem to propagate a notion of "bliss" - only here, in this world, with the uni-
  verse being some great amusement park of non-stop "wonder" and "discovery". Any truly scientific, unbiased exa-
  mination of their "discoveries", though, only ever seems to reveal a world that simply just "is" - where "wonder" is
  merely a euphemism for ignorance, and learning is its own reward because, frankly, nothing else ever could be.
  Still, the scientist seeks to conquer this ignorance, even though his very happiness depends on it – offering only
  some pale vision of eternal dumbfoundedness, and endless hollow surprises. The shramana, on the other hand,
  offers total knowledge of this hollowness, all at once – renouncing any form of happiness or pleasure, here, to
  seek some other ultimate, unknowable "bliss", off in the beyond.
  Jasper Siegel Seneschal, Mark X., Citations. A Brief Anthology, Ushguriud Editions, paperback, 4. December 2013

• To bracket form and finality out of one's investigations as far as reason allows is a matter of method, but to deny
  their reality altogether is a matter of metaphysics. David Bentley Hart, The Experience of God. Being, Consciousness,
  Bliss, Yale University Press, paperback, 30. September 2014

• The disruption of science is one which abandons the method and seeks to conquer grounds outside its territory.
  It is not at all religion but this pseudo-science that is the enemy of science.
  Criss Jami, Healology, CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, paperback, 13. January 2016

• "The world," he said, "grows hourly more and more sceptical of all that lies beyond its own narrow radius; and our
  men of science foster the fatal tendency. They condemn as fable all that resists experiment. They reject as false all
  that cannot be brought to the test of the laboratory or the dissecting-room. Against what superstition have they wa-
  ged so long and obstinate a war, as against the belief of apparitions? And yet what superstition has maintained its
  hold upon the minds of men so long and so firmly? Show me any fact in physics, in history, in archaeology, which
  is supported by testimony so wide and so various. Attested by all races of men, in all ages, and in all climates, by
  the soberest sages of antiquity, by the rudest savage of today, by the Christian, the Pagan, the Pantheist, the Ma-
  terialist, this phenomenon is treated as a nursery tale by the philosophers of our century. Circumstantial evidence
  weighs with them as a feather in the balance. The comparison of causes with effects, however valuable in physical
  science, is put aside as worthless and unreliable. The evidence of competent witnesses, however conclusive in a
  court of justice, counts for nothing. He who pauses before he pronounces is condemned as a trifler. He who belie-
  ves, is a dreamer or a fool."
  Amelia B. Edwards, The Phantom Coach. Collected Ghost Stories, Christopher Roden/Ash-Tree Press, 1st Kindle edition
  3. February 2012

• The hidden influence of such thinking on Protestant Christianity, of course, has been enormous. No Protestant body
  would professor even consider what the religious humanists said in 1933. Yet on a practical level, a metaphysical
  doubt is present. When the doubt remains unchallenged, it leads modern Christians into a position very similar to
  that of the ancient gnostics. If the heresiarchs devised archons to be responsible for the mistakes of the cosmos,
  thereby free­ing God of responsibility, a scientifically oriented generation has in­terposed its own archons: the big
  bang, probability, evolution, all of which provide some distance between God and this deficient cosmos.
  Philip J. Lee, Against the Protestant Gnostics, Oxford University Press, revised paperback edition 1. January 1987

• For all we know, the larger part of the motive for trying to expand science is not self-serving; it is merely mistaken.
  The idealistic element in it is its desire to achieve in the understanding of man what science has achieved in the
  understanding of matter. Its mistake is in not seeing that the tools for the one are of strictly limited utility for the
  other, and that the practice of trying to see man as an object which the tools of science will fit leads first to under-
  rating and then to losing sight of his attributes those tools miss. (The mere titles of ⚡ B.F. Skinner's Beyond
  Freedom and Dignity (1971) and Herbert Marcuse's One-Dimensional Man (1964) will, in opposite ways, suf-
  fice.) If it be asked, "But what did the nonscientific approach to man and the world give us?" The answer is: "Mea-
  ning, purpose, and a vision in which everything coheres."
  Huston Smith (1919-2016) US American religious studies scholar, author, Forgotten Truth. The Common Vision of the World's Religions, HarperOne, reprint paperback edition 9. October 1992

• If philosophy is regarded as a legitimate and necessary discipline, then one might think that a certain degree of philosophical training would be very useful to a scientist. Scientists ought to be able to recognize how often philo-
  sophical issues arise in their work – that is, issues that cannot be resolved by arguments that make recourse so-
  lely to inference and empirical observation. In most cases, these issues arise because practicing scientists, like
  all people, are prone to philosophical errors. To take an obvious example, scientists can be prone to errors of ele-
  mentary logic, and these can often go undetected by the peer review process and have a major impact on the lite-
  rature – for instance, confusing correlation and causation, or confusing implication with a biconditional. Philosophy
  can provide a way of understanding and correcting such errors. It addresses a largely distinct set of questions that
  natural science alone cannot answer, but that must be answered for natural science to be properly conducted.
  Article by Austin L. Hughes, Ph.D. (1949-2015) professor of biological sciences, University of South Carolina, founder and
  director of the Institute for Biological Research and Technology, The Folly of Scientism?, presented by the technology journal
  The New Atlantis, S. 32-50, Number 37, fall 2012

• A falsifiable theory is one that makes a specific prediction about what results are supposed to occur under a set of experimental conditions, so that the theory might be falsified by performing the experiment and comparing predic-
  ted to actual results. A theory or explanation that cannot be falsified falls outside the domain of science. For exam-
  ple, Freudian psychoanalysis, which does not make specific experimental predictions, is able to revise its theory to
  match any observations, in order to avoid rejecting the theory altogether. By this reckoning, Freudianism is a pseu-
  doscience, a theory that purports to be scientific but is in fact immune to falsification. In contrast, for example, Ein-
  stein's theory of relativitymade predictions (like the bending of starlight around the sun) that were novel and spe-
  cific, and provided opportunities to disprove the theory by direct experimental observation.
  Article by Austin L. Hughes, Ph.D. (1949-2015) professor of biological sciences, University of South Carolina, founder and di-
  rector of the Institute for Biological Research and Technology, The Folly of Scientism?, presented by the technology journal
  The New Atlantis, S. 32-50, Number 37, fall 2012

• The temptation to overreach, however, seems increasingly indulged today in discussions about science. Both in
  the work of professional philosophers and in popular writings by natural scientists, it is frequently claimed that na-
  tural science does or soon will constitute the entire domain of truth. And this attitude is becoming more widespread
  among scientists themselves. All too many of my contemporaries in science have accepted without question the
  hype that suggests that an advanced degree in some area of natural science confers the ability to pontificate wise-
  ly on any and all subjects. Article by Austin L. Hughes, Ph.D. (1949-2015) professor of biological sciences, University of
  South Carolina, founder and director of the Institute for Biological Research and Technology, The Folly of Scientism?, presented
  by the technology journal The New Atlantis, S. 32-50, Number 37, fall 2012

• The fundamental problem raised by the identification of "good science" with "institutional science" is that it assumes
  the practitioners of science to be inherently exempt, at least in the long term, from the corrupting influences that affect
  all other human practices and institutions. Ladyman, Ross, and Spurrett explicitly state that most human institutions,
  including "governments, political parties, churches, firms, NGOs, ethnic associations, families [...] are hardly epistemi-
  cally reliable at all." However, "our grounding assumption is that the specific institutional processes of science have
  inductively established peculiar epistemic reliability." This assumption is at best naïve and at worst dangerous. If any
  human institution is held to be exempt from the petty, self-serving, and corrupting motivations that plague us all, the
  result will almost inevitably be the creation of a priestly caste demanding adulation and required to answer to no one
  but itself. Article by Austin L. Hughes, Ph.D. (1949-2015) professor of biological sciences, University of South Carolina, founder
  and director of the Institute for Biological Research and Technology, The Folly of Scientism?, presented by the technology journal
  The New Atlantis, S. 32-50, Number 37, fall 2012

• Of all the fads and foibles in the long history of human credulity, scientism in all its varied guises – from fanciful cos-
  mology to evolutionary epistemology and ethics – seems among the more dangerous, both because it pretends to be
  something very different from what it really is and because it has been accorded widespread and uncritical adherence.
  Continued insistence on the universal competence of science will serve only to undermine the credibility of science as
  a whole. The ultimate outcome will be an increase of radical skepticism that questions the ability of science to address
  even the questions legitimately within its sphere of competence. One longs for a new Enlightenment to puncture the
  pretensions of this latest superstition. Article by Austin L. Hughes, Ph.D. (1949-2015) professor of biological sciences,
  University of South Carolina, founder and director of the Institute for Biological Research and Technology, The Folly of Scientism?,
  presented by the technology journal The New Atlantis, S. 32-50, Number 37, fall 2012

• With or without 'college' we are able to use our senses by perceiving the world around us, that in turn shapes and
  creates ones own reality. Perception is reality. My 'reality' is not the same as your 'reality' since we all have a different
  mental database, life experience, physiology, different characteristics, environments we grew up and people we hang
  out with, etc. I might fall in love with a certain smell while it triggers bad memories for someone else. Same goes for
  the other senses while perceiving 'reality'. And how real is this so called 'reality' anyway? Our senses can be quite
  limited compared to a camera or other living creatures on the planet. There are sounds and colours humans can not
  detect with their senses. We in fact do not perceive the whole 'picture'. The most important things in life are unseen.
  My point is that we do not need hierarchic, indoctrinating, and capitalized institution called 'science' to tell us what,
  when, why, and how to think, experiment, sense, and live our lives. Long before there was any 'science', there was
  sense first. Nadja Sam, cited in Goodreads Quotable Quote

• The scientistic faith in a science that will one day not only fulfill, but eliminate, personal self-conception through
  objectifying self-description is not science, but bad philosophy. Jürgen Habermas (*1929) German philosopher,
  sociologist in the tradition of critical theory and pragmatism, cited in: Goodreads Quotable Quote

• The key to the scientist's purpose is the idea that every phenomenon is the product of a certain given set of condition.
  In his laboratory he hopes to reconstitute the set of conditions, however complex they may be, which, once they are
  fully reconstituted, cannot fail to give rise to the phenomenon he is after, life. In other words he seeks to start off a
  mechanically fated chain-reaction; and of course, in enumerating the conditions that have made it possible for him
  to manufacture his phenomenon he systematically discounts the huge mental toils, the plodding, methodical research,
  of himself and others.
  Thus, by a singular contradiction, he succeeds in convincing himself and, of course, attempts to persuade others,
  that he has arrived at the origin of his phenomenon; he sets out to demonstrate that everything in the universe runs
  perfectly smoothly by itself, without any creative power at anytime intruding. Gabriel Marcel (1889-1973) French
  philosopher, playwright, music critic, leading Christian existentialist, cited in: Goodreads Quotable Quote

• [...] a view that we call "scientism" : and that is that science is the only way to truth, now that is just logically false, be-
  cause the statement "science is the only way to truth" is not a statement of science, so if it's true, it's false. Perhaps
  it's too late at night for logic like that is it? John C. Lennox (*1943) Northern Irish mathematician, bioethicist, Christian apo-
  logist, author, cited in: Goodreads Quotable Quote

• If asked, "Do you believe in ghosts or the supernatural?", I can only answer somewhat as follows.
  I do believe in another world which penetrates this, and that, as Milton so aptly puts it, "Millions of spiritual creatures
  walk the earth/Unseen, both when we wake, and when we sleep", I deplore the false Cartesian split as a dreadful
  blow to the human mind. To me, the world of imagination, which works by means of analogy, is as real, in its own
  particular way, as the everyday external world. To me, the myths are vital truths, the gods and goddesses still live,
  on that mighty archetypal plane which lies beyond our little selves and yet within our being, too. Now this may appear
  illogical, a tangled web of contradictions. To believe in every spiritual truth, in all religions and all creeds, to revere a
  single God and the many? This may disturb the theologian, but not the Mystic. For, to the mystical turn of mind, the
  One may become the Many, the Many One. Spiritual and poetic truth – the transcendental vision, that is – encom-
  passes both reason and ethics, yet soars above them. Harvey Peter Sucksmith, Those Whom the Old Gods Love,
  Christopher Roden/Ash-Tree Press, 1994, Kindle Ebook, 1st edition 21. July 2012

• Biology is the study of complicated things that give the appearance of having been designed for a purpose. Physics
  is the study of simple things that do not tempt us to invoke design.
  Richard Dawkins [LoC 190, work LoC 450] (*1941) British zoologist, neoskeptical theoretical biologist, militant atheist, author,
  The Blind Watchmaker. Why the Evidence of Evolution Reveals a Universe Without Design, Norton & Company, 1986

• This belief, that science eradicates (the need for) God, is a myth many people believe today. The truth is that science,
  the study of the world and collection of our findings, has not and cannot disprove God. There is no scientific journal
  that has disproven God’s existence. This is because God cannot be put in a test tube and either verified or falsified.
  God is a spiritual being and is outside the reach of empirical scientific research. Christians cannot prove God the
  existence of God with absolute certainty, nor can atheists disprove his existence with any certainty. That does not
  mean that we cannot look at the evidence as to whether or not God exists.
  Jon Morrison, US American Christian blogger, author, Clear Minds & Dirty Feet. A Reason to Hope, a Message to Share,
  CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 1st edition 6. June 2013

• To say that science is the measure of all true knowledge is not a scientific truth but a philosophic claim about science.
  It's scientism posing as science. Scott Klusendorf, US American president of Life Training Institute, speaker, author, The
  Case for Life. Equipping Christians to Engage the Culture, Crossway, 2009

• Science, at its core, is simply a method of practical logic that tests hypotheses against experience. Scientism, by
  contrast, is the worldview and value system that insists that the questions the scientific method can answer are the
  most important questions human beings can ask, and that the picture of the world yielded by science is a better
  approximation to reality than any other. John Michael Greer (*1962) US American author who writes on the environment,
  various religions, and occult topics, After Progress. Reason and Religion at the End of the Industrial Age, S. 60, New Society Publishers, 30. March 2015